Archive for Economics & Fundamentals – Page 3

Stock indices surged sharply amid the 14‑day ceasefire in the Middle East

By JustMarkets 

On Wednesday, the US stock indices staged a historic rally: the Dow Jones jumped more than 1,300 points, marking its best performance in a year. Investors ignored the Federal Reserve’s warnings about stagflation risks and focused instead on what many called a “diplomatic miracle” – the White House’s readiness for direct negotiations with Iran. By the end of the day, the Dow Jones (US30) rose by 2.58%. The S&P 500 (US500) gained 2.51%. The tech‑heavy Nasdaq (US100) closed up 2.80%. Despite ongoing pockets of conflict in Lebanon and the Persian Gulf, the market appears confident in the stability of the 14‑day ceasefire. The artificial‑intelligence and airline sectors were the biggest winners of the day. Shares of giants such as Nvidia, Tesla, and Meta surged between 4% and 10%, as falling oil prices and stabilizing bond yields restored investor appetite for risk assets.

The minutes of the March FOMC meeting confirm that the Federal Reserve has shifted into a mode of “heightened readiness.” The introduction of a two‑sided formulation in the rate discussion is a clear signal to markets: the Fed no longer guarantees that the next move will be a cut. Previously, investors debated only the timing of policy easing; now the hawkish wing openly acknowledges the possibility of additional hikes if inflationary pressures, fueled by geopolitics, fail to ease. The fact that most participants see risks to both prices and employment underscores the real threat of stagflation.

The Canadian dollar (CAD) strengthened confidently, reaching 1.38 per US dollar amid a broad retreat of the greenback. Paradoxically, the loonie managed to rise even as WTI crude prices collapsed due to news of the temporary ceasefire and the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz. Normally, falling oil prices drag the Canadian currency lower, but this time the sharp drop in the US dollar index to a four‑week low proved to be the dominant factor, giving the loonie a net gain for the session. However, the Canadian dollar still looks weaker than currencies such as the Australian dollar and the British pound, which are less dependent on the energy sector and recover more quickly when risk appetite returns. For the Bank of Canada, the current situation creates a complex backdrop: a stronger currency helps contain imported inflation, but a sharp decline in oil revenues could negatively affect the country’s trade balance in the long run.

On Wednesday, European markets experienced a true triumph: indices soared to monthly highs. By the end of the day, Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose by 5.06%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) gained 4.49%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) climbed 3.94%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed up 2.51%. The decisive factor was the 14‑day ceasefire between the US and Iran, which allowed the partial reopening of the Strait of Hormuz. The sharp drop in oil and natural‑gas prices in Europe became a powerful catalyst for the industrial and banking sectors. Lower energy costs immediately improved margin outlooks for giants such as Siemens, Safran, and Schneider, whose shares surged more than 10%. The banking sector, represented by Santander, UniCredit, and BNP Paribas, gained around 8% amid bond‑market stabilization and falling yields.

The Swiss franc (CHF) strengthened to 0.789 per US dollar, reaching a two‑week high. This movement resulted from a paradoxical combination of factors: declining global demand for the dollar as a safe‑haven asset and Switzerland’s own inflation dynamics. Under normal conditions, a strong franc effectively restrains inflation by making imports cheaper. However, the current scale of the energy crisis is so severe that the currency buffer is no longer sufficient. This creates a unique situation in which rising energy prices fully offset the deflationary impact of a strong national currency. For the Swiss National Bank (SNB), the current environment suggests a pause in active policy measures.

On Thursday, WTI crude prices staged a sharp rebound, rising more than 2% to 97 dollars per barrel. The market quickly realized that the triumphant ceasefire headlines had collided with harsh reality: the “silence window” was already at risk of collapsing within the first 24 hours. Renewed Israeli strikes on Lebanon triggered a heated dispute over the boundaries of the agreement. Tehran insists that Lebanon is part of the deal, while Benjamin Netanyahu and Donald Trump confirmed that the campaign against Hezbollah is not included in the US-Iran arrangement. Nevertheless, hope for diplomacy remains. US Vice President J.D. Vance, who is leading the American delegation, is heading to Islamabad for direct talks with Iranian representatives this weekend.

In Asia, Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) rose by 5.39%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) jumped by 2.84%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) gained 3.09%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) climbed by 2.55%.

The offshore yuan (CNH) is holding at 6.83 per US dollar, hovering near a three‑year high. The resilience of the Chinese currency amid global volatility is explained by Beijing’s unique position: the yuan has strengthened by 1% over the past month and by 2.4% since the beginning of the year. Investors view China as a relative “safe harbor” thanks to its massive oil reserves and stable energy‑supply chains, which have proven less vulnerable to the Middle East crisis than those of other Asian economies. Market attention is now shifting to China’s macroeconomic data, which will be released on Friday. Consumer inflation (CPI) is expected to show moderate growth around 1.3%, while the Producer Price Index (PPI) may return to annual growth for the first time since 2022. If these projections are confirmed, it would signal a recovery in domestic demand and industrial activity, giving the People’s Bank of China more room for maneuver.

S&P 500 (US500) 6,782.81 +165.96 (+2.51%)

Dow Jones (US30) 47,909.92 +1,325.46 (+2.85%)

DAX (DE40) 24,080.63 +1,159.04 (+5.06%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 10,608.88 +260.09 (+2.51%)

USD Index 99.03 −0.83 (−0.83%)

News feed for: 2026.04.09

  • German Industrial Production (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3) – EUR (LOW)
  • German Trade Balance (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3) – EUR (LOW)
  • Mexico Inflation Rate (m/m) at 15:00 (GMT+3) – MXN (MED)
  • US PCE Price Index (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3) – USD (HIGH)
  • US GDP (q/q) at 15:30 (GMT+3) – USD (MED)
  • US Initial Jobless Claims (w/w) at 15:30 (GMT+3) – USD (MED)
  • US Natural Gas Storage (w/w) at 17:30 (GMT+3) – XNG (HIGH)

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

Iran and the United States have signed a 14‑day ceasefire: risk appetite has returned to the markets

By JustMarkets 

On Tuesday, US stock indices traded without a unified direction. By the end of the day, the Dow Jones (US30) fell by 0.18%. The S&P 500 (US500) gained 0.08%. The tech‑heavy NASDAQ (US100) closed up 0.10%. On Wednesday, index futures moved into positive territory, catalyzed by the signing of a 14‑day ceasefire between the US and Iran, which restored investor appetite for risk.

In the corporate sector, performance was mixed: while giants like Nvidia and AMD declined amid broad pessimism, Apple plunged 4% due to production issues with its foldable iPhone. Meanwhile, Broadcom shares jumped 4.5% thanks to a strategic contract with Alphabet, and Intel gained 3% on rumors of cooperation with xAI.

Inflation expectations in the US spiked sharply in March 2026, reaching an annual high of 3.4%. A New York Fed survey recorded alarming dynamics: expectations for gasoline price growth more than doubled, to 9.4%, the highest level since the 2022 energy crisis.

Bitcoin (BTC) staged an impressive rally, breaking above 72,000 dollars and reaching a three‑week high. The catalyst was a dramatic shift in the geopolitical climate: the signing of a 14‑day ceasefire between the US and Iran just two hours before Donald Trump’s ultimatum expired restored risk appetite. The reopening of the Strait of Hormuz and the temporary halt to mutual strikes triggered a wave of short liquidations, pushing the price of the leading digital assets to new local highs. After a turbulent period and outflows from spot Bitcoin ETFs earlier in the year, March data showed stabilization and renewed net inflows. The fact that institutional investors have begun increasing positions again signaled to the market that the capitulation phase among major players has ended.

European stock Indices closed sharply lower on Tuesday. By the end of the day, Germany’s DAX (DE40) fell by 1.06%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) declined by 0.67%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) dropped by 0.64%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed down 0.84%. The main driver of the sell‑off was fear of an imminent energy crisis in the EU’s largest economies: the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz and Trump’s ultimatum pushed gas and oil prices sharply higher, leading to rising government‑bond yields and pressuring industrial giants. Shares of Siemens, Schneider Electric, and Airbus lost around 2%, as investors fear supply‑chain paralysis and a surge in production costs.

Palladium (XPD) and platinum (XPT) prices surged sharply on Wednesday. Such a rapid rebound became possible thanks to the sudden easing of tensions in the Persian Gulf: news of the two‑week ceasefire between the US and Iran triggered a collapse in oil prices below 100 dollars per barrel. This immediately lowered inflation expectations and revived hopes for a dovish pivot by the Federal Reserve, leading to falling bond yields and a weaker dollar – ideal conditions for commodity price growth.

Wednesday was marked by a historic collapse in oil prices: WTI futures plunged more than 15%, breaking below 95 dollars per barrel. The massive sell‑off was a direct reaction to the abrupt de‑escalation in the Persian Gulf. Donald Trump’s decision to transform his hardline ultimatum into a “bilateral ceasefire” for 14 days, and his acknowledgment that Iran’s 10‑point proposal is a “real basis for negotiations”, instantly removed the enormous geopolitical risk premium that had accumulated in recent weeks. A key factor for global energy security was Tehran’s commitment to temporarily reopen the Strait of Hormuz. For the global economy, this drop in oil prices below 95 dollars is a powerful deflationary stimulus. If the two‑week window allows the parties to finalize a deal, fears of global recession and uncontrolled fuel inflation may give way to a cycle of business activity recovery. However, investors remain cautious, recognizing that Iran’s requirement to coordinate all transit shipments with its armed forces could become a new tool of subtle pressure in upcoming negotiations.

In Asia, Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) decreased by 0.72% during the trading session, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) fell by 1.04%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) did not trade yesterday, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) gained 0.83%. Asian stock markets on Wednesday posted explosive gains, celebrating the unexpected diplomatic breakthrough in the Middle East. The leaders of the rally were the Japanese and South Korean Indices, which surged more than 5%, reflecting enormous investor relief after the world came close to a full‑scale energy war. Despite the euphoria, traders are closely examining the terms of the agreement. Tehran’s requirement to coordinate all transit shipments with Iran’s armed forces indicates that control over the key maritime artery remains a leverage tool in Iran’s hands. Nevertheless, stock exchanges in Australia, China, and Hong Kong supported the upward trend, as the risk of immediate disruption to global supply chains temporarily faded.

The New Zealand dollar rose to 0.58 USD, reaching its highest level in nearly two weeks, after the Reserve Bank, as expected, left the official cash rate unchanged at 2.25%. The strengthening of the New Zealand dollar is also supported by the de‑escalation between Washington and Tehran. Iran’s agreement to temporarily reopen the Strait of Hormuz under the 14‑day ceasefire reduced the risk premium that had been weighing on commodity currencies. For New Zealand, whose economy is highly dependent on logistics costs and energy imports, the resumption of shipping reduces the threat of stagflation.

S&P 500 (US500) 6,616.85 +5.02 (+0.08%)

Dow Jones (US30) 46,584.46 −85.42 (−0.18%)

DAX (DE40) 22,921.59 −246.49 (−1.06%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 10,348.79 −87.50 (−0.84%)

USD Index 99.67 −0.31 (−0.31%)

News feed for: 2026.04.08

  • Japan Average Cash Earnings (m/m) at 02:30 (GMT+3) – JPY (MED)
  • New Zealand RBNZ Interest Rate Decision at 05:00 (GMT+3) – NZD (HIGH)
  • New Zealand RBNZ Rate Statement at 05:00 (GMT+3) – NZD (HIGH)
  • Switzerland Unemployment Rate (m/m) at 10:00 (GMT+3) – CHF (MED)
  • Eurozone Producer Price Index (q/q) at 12:00 (GMT+3) – EUR (MED)
  • Eurozone Retail Sales (m/m) at 12:00 (GMT+3) – EUR (LOW)
  • US Crude Oil Reserves (w/w) at 17:30 (GMT+3) – WTI (HIGH)
  • US FOMC Meeting Minutes at 21:00 (GMT+3) – USD, XAU (HIGH)

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

Iran has officially rejected the ceasefire proposal, and Trump’s “deadline” expires today

By JustMarkets 

On Monday, US stock indices showed moderate optimism amid cautious hopes for a 45‑day ceasefire. By the end of the day, the Dow Jones (US30) rose by 0.36%. The S&P 500 (US500) gained 0.44%. The tech‑heavy NASDAQ (US100) closed the session up 0.54%.

The Canadian dollar strengthened to 1.39 per US dollar, taking advantage of a temporary weakening of the greenback following reports of a potential 45‑day ceasefire. Investor optimism is supported by news that Iran may shift from a full blockade of the Strait of Hormuz to a system of charging transit fees on tankers – a development that significantly reduces the risk of an uncontrolled inflationary shock. For the Bank of Canada, which keeps its policy rate at 2.25%, such de‑escalation provides a much‑needed breather, allowing the regulator to avoid emergency tightening despite weak manufacturing data (47.6 points) and ongoing pressure on the domestic sector.

European stock markets were closed on Monday due to the Easter holiday.
Silver prices (XAG) continued their downward movement, falling to 72 dollars per ounce. The metal’s dynamics reflect extreme investor confusion as markets attempt to navigate between reports of a possible 45‑day ceasefire and Donald Trump’s hardline ultimatum. Since the start of “Operation Epic Fury,” silver has lost more than 20% of its value, showing the worst performance among precious metals. This is due to its dual nature: as an industrial asset, it suffers from expectations of a global manufacturing slowdown, and as an investment asset, it loses to the US dollar amid expectations of further Fed rate hikes to combat energy‑driven inflation.

Platinum prices (XPT) remain below the psychological threshold of 2,000 dollars per ounce, trading near three‑month lows amid escalating conflict in the Persian Gulf. The market is frozen ahead of Donald Trump’s deadline, set for 20:00 on Tuesday (Eastern Time): the threat of strikes on Iran’s civilian infrastructure has overshadowed the faint hopes for a 45‑day ceasefire. Geopolitical tensions and the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz are fueling energy inflation, reinforcing expectations of tighter central‑bank policy and exerting direct pressure on platinum‑group metals as non‑yielding assets.

The oil market displayed characteristic skepticism: after a brief decline on ceasefire‑related headlines, WTI prices resumed their upward movement, closing above 112 dollars per barrel. This underscores that traders still view the physical blockade of the Strait of Hormuz as a more significant factor than preliminary mediation agreements. The market is now focused on Trump’s deadline, expiring Tuesday at 20:00: the threat of destroying Iran’s civilian infrastructure (bridges and power plants) shifts the conflict into a phase of total economic warfare. The current gap between futures prices and physical oil prices indicates an acute supply shortage that cannot be offset even by releasing strategic reserves.

In Asia, Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) rose by 0.55% during the trading session, while China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50), Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50), and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) did not trade yesterday.

The Australian dollar remains under heavy pressure, holding near a two‑month low at 0.690 USD. For the “aussie,” a high‑risk commodity currency, the combination of an energy shock and potential military escalation creates an extremely toxic environment, only partially softened by last‑minute hopes for diplomatic mediation ahead of the ultimatum. The fundamental picture has been significantly worsened by domestic macroeconomic data: Australia’s March PMI fell into contraction territory for the first time in a year and a half, dropping to 46.6. Particularly alarming is the collapse in the services sector from 52.8 to 46.3, indicating a sharp cooling of consumer activity due to soaring fuel prices and overall geopolitical instability.

S&P 500 (US500) 6,611.83 +29.14 (+0.44%)

Dow Jones (US30) 46,669.88 +165.21 (+0.36%)

DAX (DE40) 23,168.08 0 (0%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 10,436.29 0 (0%)

USD Index 100.01 −0.02 (−0.02%)

News feed for: 2026.04.07

  • Sweden Inflation Rate (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3) – SEK (MED)
  • German Services PMI (m/m) at 10:55 (GMT+3) – EUR (LOW)
  • Eurozone Services PMI (m/m) at 11:00 (GMT+3) – EUR (MED)
  • UK Services PMI (m/m) at 11:30 (GMT+3) – GBP (MED)
  • US Durable Goods Orders (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3) – USD (MED)
  • Canada Ivey PMI (m/m) at 17:00 (GMT+3) – CAD (LOW)

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

Geopolitics continues to dominate the global agenda

By JustMarkets 

On Friday, US stock indices closed. By the end of the week, the Dow Jones (US30) rose by 1.31%. The S&P 500 (US500) gained 2.00%. The tech‑heavy NASDAQ (US100) finished the five‑day period up 2.48%. The upcoming week will be packed with critical data to help assess the true scale of the economic damage caused by the conflict. The ISM Services PMI is expected to be the first indicator to capture supply‑chain disruptions and rising costs. Particular attention will be paid to the March Consumer Price Index, where last year’s low base effect may trigger a sharp jump in the annual reading. Investors will also closely examine the FOMC meeting minutes to understand how the Fed leadership assessed the risks of an inflationary spiral two weeks after the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz began.

The dynamics of the Mexican peso in early April 2026 are shaped by a tight link to global capital markets and domestic growth challenges. The currency shows extreme sensitivity to risk appetite: the inverse correlation between USD/MXN and the S&P 500 has reached a low level of 0.80, the strongest since 2020. This makes the peso highly vulnerable to any negative news from the Middle East. Mexico’s domestic agenda is shifting from fighting inflation to supporting a stagnating economy. Although consumer prices (CPI) remain above the 2-4% target range, the central bank cut rates at the end of March, signaling a priority on economic growth. February industrial production data, expected later this week, may confirm the negative trend following January’s 1.1% slump. Weakness in the manufacturing sector deprives the peso of fundamental support.

Analysis of the USD/CAD pair in early April 2026 reveals an anomaly: the traditional link between the Canadian dollar and energy markets has nearly disappeared. The correlation between the loonie and oil has turned slightly positive (+0.15), paradoxically indicating CAD weakness even as oil prices rise. The main driver is the overall strength of the US dollar, with a still‑high correlation of 0.60, confirming that global flight to safety outweighs Canada’s status as a resource exporter. Fundamental pressure on the Canadian dollar is intensifying due to troubling labor‑market data. After February’s loss of 108.4 thousand full‑time jobs and a rise in unemployment to 6.7%, investors are anxiously awaiting this week’s employment report. Weak numbers could cement expectations of a dovish Bank of Canada. The probability of a rate hike on April 29 is now below 10%, and expectations for policy tightening in 2026 have shifted to the fourth quarter, leaving the currency without rate‑differential support.

European stock markets were also closed on Friday due to Easter holidays. By the end of the week, Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose by 2.46%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) gained 2.42%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) climbed to 3.50%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) finished the five‑day period up with 4.65%.
WTI crude prices corrected to 111 dollars per barrel after an early‑morning spike to 115.5 dollars. The reversal was triggered by reports of a proposed 45‑day ceasefire between the US, Iran, and regional mediators, which could form the basis for a long‑term settlement. This diplomatic opening emerged against the backdrop of an extremely harsh ultimatum from Donald Trump, who threatened to destroy Iran’s civilian infrastructure if the Strait of Hormuz was not unblocked immediately. Tehran officially rejected Washington’s latest demands, maintaining the effective blockade. Adding fuel to the fire, OPEC+ announced over the weekend that it had approved an increase in production quotas to combat the global shortage, but warned that physical damage to regional energy infrastructure would limit supply long after a formal ceasefire.

Asian markets also mostly rose last week. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) gained 2.05%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) fell by 0.65%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) rose by 1.40%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) posted a 1.27% weekly gain.

The dynamics of the Australian dollar in early April 2026 are shaped by a complex interplay of global risk aversion and domestic inflationary pressures. The currency remains highly sensitive to the trajectory of the US dollar (correlation -0.75) and the stock market (correlation with the S&P 500 at 0.62), making it extremely vulnerable during periods of escalation in the Persian Gulf. Notably, the traditional link between the “aussie” and gold has weakened significantly: after peaking at 0.80 last month, the correlation has fallen to 0.45, reflecting the unusual behavior of the precious metal amid the current military crisis.

Domestically, attention is focused on February household‑spending data. The Reserve Bank of Australia responded to strong consumer demand at the end of 2025 with two rate hikes even before hostilities began on February 28. Now, despite geopolitical instability, futures markets are pricing an 80% probability of a third consecutive rate hike, viewing inflation control as the regulator’s top priority even as global growth slows. From a technical standpoint, the Australian dollar appears oversold after falling to a two‑month low near 0.6835.

In early April 2026, China is pursuing a strategy of currency stability, deliberately avoiding yuan devaluation despite the global strengthening of the US dollar. Setting the fixing at 6.8880 – the highest in recent years – indicates Beijing’s desire to minimize the cost of energy imports amid the Hormuz blockade. As the world’s largest oil importer, China faces serious challenges for its industrial sector, yet high fuel prices are paradoxically boosting domestic demand for electric vehicles and solar panels, strengthening the country’s position in the “green” sector. The macroeconomic picture remains uneven: before the start of “Operation Epic Fury,” China was battling consumer deflation, but in February the CPI jumped to a three‑year high of 1.3%. Inflation data for March, expected this week, is outlook by Bloomberg to show producer prices (PPI) returning to positive territory at 0.5%, while consumer inflation stabilizes around 1.2%. These figures will be critical for understanding how deeply disruptions in Iranian oil supplies and US-Israeli military actions have undermined price stability within China.

S&P 500 (US500) 6,582.69 0 (0%)

Dow Jones (US30) 46,504.67 0 (0%)

DAX (DE40) 23,168.08 0 (0%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 10,436.29 0 (0%)

USD Index 100.03 = 0 (0%)

News feed for: 2026.04.06

  • US ISM Services PMI (m/m) at 17:00 (GMT+3) – USD (MED)

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

Week Ahead: USDInd braces for slew of risk events

By ForexTime 

  • FXTM’s USDInd ↑ 1.7% YTD
  • Iran conflict + Inflation combo = fresh volatility?
  • Over past year CPI decision triggered moves of ↑ 0.5% & ↓ 1.0%
  • Technical levels: 100.70, 100.00 and 99.0

Ongoing conflict in the Middle East and top-tier economic data could present fresh trading opportunities in the week ahead.

The OPEC+ meeting, President Trump’s latest deadline for Iran to reopen the Strait of Hormuz, and key US inflation data will be in focus:

Monday, 6th April

  • Easter Monday – Major financial markets are closed across Europe.
  • Deadline set by Trump for Iran to reopen the Strait of Hormuz
  • USDInd: ISM Services PMI (March)

 

Tuesday, 7th April

  • EUR: Eurozone S&P Global services PMI
  • SEK: Sweden CPI
  • USDInd: Fed Goolsbee Speech, Chicago Fed President Austan Goolsbee

Wednesday, 8th April

  • CHF: Unemployment Rate (March)
  • GBP: S&P Global Construction PMI (March)
  • EUR: Retail Sales MoM (Feb), PPI
  • OIL: EIA Crude Oil Stocks Change
  • USDInd: FOMC Minutes

Thursday, 9th April

  • JPY: Consumer Confidence (March)
  • GER40: German Industrial Production MoM (Feb)
  • US500: US February PCE report, Initial Jobless Claims, GDP

Friday, 10th April

  • CNY: China Inflation Rates YoY (March)
  • USDInd: US CPI (March), Michigan Consumer Sentiment

The spotlight is on FXTM’s USDInd, which is currently trading around 100.00.

1.     Ongoing Iran conflict (Week 6)

President Donald Trump has issued fresh threats against Iranian infrastructure in a bid to pressure Tehran in talks.

These developments come ahead of the Monday, 6th April, deadline set for Iran to reopen the Strait of Hormuz.

Given how Iran and Israel continue to trade strikes, it feels like we are back at square one with an extended conflict sending shockwaves across the globe.

Note: The Strait of Hormuz has been effectively shut since 2nd March 2026.

  • If the conflict deepens with both sides attacking key energy infrastructure, the USDInd may rally as surging oil prices fuel rate hike bets.
  • Any signs of easing tensions and re-opening of the Strait of Hormuz to the US may weaken the USDInd as inflation concerns cool.

2.     US February PCE report – Thursday 9th April

The February US personal income and spending report including the PCE index — the Fed’s preferred inflation gauge — will offer key insight into the direction of price pressures.

Markets are forecasting PCE deflator YoY to remain unchanged in February with the core figure cooling to 2.9% from 3.1%.

Ultimately, any signs of rising price pressure may reinforce bets around higher US interest rates.

Traders are currently pricing in a 23% probability of a 25-baisis point cut by December.

Beyond the PCE report, it will be wise to keep an eye on speeches by a host of Fed officials and other US data, including PMI’s which may influence the USDInd.

  • The USDInd may jump on signs of rising price pressures in the United States.
  • cooler-than-expected PCE report could drag the USDInd lower.

3.     US March CPI – Friday 10th April

The incoming US Consumer Price Index (CPI) will offer a key read on inflation amid the ongoing conflict in Iran.

Markets are forecasting:

  • CPI year-on-year (March 2026 vs. March 2025) to rise 3.4% from 2.4%
  • CPI month-on-month to rise 1.0 from 0.3%
  • Core CPI year-on-year to rise 2.7% from 2.5%
  • Core CPI month-on-month to rise 0.3% from 0.2%

Signs of conflict-induced inflation may boost expectations of the Fed hiking rates.

4.     Technical forces

FXTM’s USDInd is respecting a bullish channel on the daily charts.

  • A solid breakout and daily close above 100.00 could signal a move back toward 100.70 and 101.00.
  • Sustained weakness below 100.00 could see prices decline back toward 99.00 and 98.00.


 

Forex-Time-LogoArticle by ForexTime

 

ForexTime Ltd (FXTM) is an award winning international online forex broker regulated by CySEC 185/12 www.forextime.com

WTI oil prices surged by 11%, breaking above 111 dollars per barrel

By JustMarkets 

On Thursday, the US stock markets showed mixed dynamics. By the end of the day, the Dow Jones Index (US30) fell by 0.13%. The S&P 500 Index (US500) rose by 0.11%. The technology Index Nasdaq (US100) closed higher by 0.11%. Despite the negative finish, the market managed to significantly trim the losses recorded in the first half of the session. A reason for local optimism was the report that Iran, together with Oman, is developing a technical protocol for monitoring shipping through the Strait of Hormuz. This news gave investors hope for a partial restoration of trade routes, which somewhat cooled panic sentiment. In the corporate sector, the main focus was on Tesla, whose shares plunged 5% after the release of disappointing electric vehicle delivery data for the first quarter of 2026.

On Thursday, the Mexican peso (MXN) lost the progress achieved the day before, weakening to 17.88 per dollar. Fundamental pressure on the peso intensified due to the actions of the Bank of Mexico (Banxico). At its latest meeting, the regulator resumed its easing cycle, cutting the key rate by 25 basis points to 6.75%. The decision was made by majority vote (3 to 2) amid clear signs of a slowdown in the Mexican economy at the start of 2026. The fact that the central bank cut rates despite accelerating inflation signals a prioritization of economic growth over price stability, reducing the peso’s attractiveness for carry‑trade strategies.

European stock markets mostly dropped yesterday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) fell by 0.56%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed down 0.24%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) declined by 0.14%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed positive 0.69%. The shift in sentiment occurred after Donald Trump’s address, which did not provide the expected specifics on de‑escalation in the Persian Gulf. Traders also took into account the factor of the long weekend, as European exchanges will be closed on Friday due to Easter celebrations, prompting many market participants to close positions in advance.

On Thursday, the Swiss franc (CHF) traded at 0.80 per US dollar, holding near its lowest levels since mid‑January amid the dominance of the US currency as the world’s primary safe haven. Despite the franc’s traditional status as a defensive asset, investors are favoring the dollar. Core inflation in Switzerland accelerated in March to an annual high of 0.3%, which slightly eased pressure on the SNB regarding policy easing, as rising energy prices due to the conflict in the Persian Gulf have begun to offset the restraining effect of the strong national currency on import costs.

On Thursday, silver prices (XNG) collapsed by nearly 5% to 71 dollars per ounce, marking a total decline of more than 20% since the start of the conflict on February 28. The sharp plunge in the precious metal was triggered by the strengthening of the US dollar after Donald Trump’s address, in which he promised to deliver an “extremely strong strike” on Iran in the coming weeks instead of the de‑escalation plan expected by the markets. The absence of a clear exit strategy from the war and Tehran’s denial of rumors about requesting a ceasefire forced investors to seek refuge in the US currency, which traditionally puts downward pressure on dollar‑denominated assets.

WTI crude prices surged by 11%, breaking above 111 dollars per barrel. This is the highest level in almost four years. An even more dramatic situation unfolded with the North Sea Brent blend, whose price broke above 140 dollars per barrel, approaching the historical record of 2008. Such a sharp spike occurred as markets reassessed the scale of threats to global supply due to the escalation of the military conflict in the Persian Gulf. The main catalyst for the rally was Donald Trump’s tough statements, in which he promised to intensify strikes on Iran’s military and energy infrastructure in the coming weeks if Washington’s conditions are not met. Tehran responded with counter‑threats, instantly erasing yesterday’s optimism. Against this backdrop, the United Kingdom initiated large‑scale negotiations with dozens of countries to form an international coalition to ensure the security of trade routes. Meanwhile, the OPEC+ alliance is urgently considering the possibility of increasing production quotas to calm market panic. However, experts warn that in the short term, even additional oil volumes will not reach consumers as long as physical access to key regional terminals remains blocked or under threat of attack.

The US natural gas prices (XNG) showed negative dynamics on Thursday, falling below 2.81 dollars per MMBtu. Quotes approached the lows of August 2025, sharply contrasting with the rally in the oil market. The main driver of the decline was the weekly report from the Energy Information Administration (EIA), which recorded a larger‑than‑expected increase in storage inventories. During the reporting week, energy companies injected 36 billion cubic feet of gas, significantly exceeding both the figure for the same period last year (30 billion) and the five‑year average (only 4 billion). At the moment, total US gas inventories have reached 1.865 trillion cubic feet. This is 5.4% above last year’s level and 3% above the five‑year average. Such a surplus creates a reliable “safety cushion” for the US domestic market, offsetting the impact of global geopolitical instability.

Asian markets rose yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) fell by 2.38%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) declined by 0.73%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) fell by 0.70%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) showed a negative result of 1.06%.

On Friday, the offshore yuan (CNY) slightly strengthened to 6.88 per dollar, although the pace of growth slowed compared to the previous session. Investors cautiously welcomed the news that Iran and Oman are developing a protocol for “transit monitoring” through the Strait of Hormuz, giving hope for partial resumption of shipping. Despite diplomatic efforts, China’s domestic economic data for March reflected a noticeable cooling of activity. According to a RatingDog report, the composite PMI fell to 51.5 from February’s 55.4, with a slowdown recorded in both the manufacturing sector (50.8) and services (52.1).

S&P 500 (US500) 6,582.69 +7.37 (+0.11%)

Dow Jones (US30) 46,504.67 −61.07 (−0.13%)

DAX (DE40) 23,168.08 −130.81 (−0.56%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 10,436.29 +71.50 (+0.69%)

USD Index 100.03 +0.37% (+0.38%)

News feed for: 2026.04.03

  • Japan Services PMI (m/m) at 03:30 (GMT+3); – JPY (HIGH)
  • China RatingDog Services PMI (m/m) at 04:30 (GMT+3); – CHA50, HK50 (HIGH)
  • US Nonfarm Payrolls (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3); – USD (HIGH)
  • US Unemployment Rate (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3); – USD (HIGH)
  • US Services PMI (m/m) at 16:45 (GMT+3). – USD (HIGH)

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

Investor optimism remains supported by signals of a possible de-escalation in the Middle East

By JustMarkets 

On Tuesday, the US stock markets ended with a powerful rally. By the end of the day, the Dow Jones Index (US30) rose by 0.48%. The S&P 500 Index (US500) gained 0.72%. The Technology Index NASDAQ (US100) closed higher by 1.16%. Investor optimism at the beginning of April was fueled by signals of a possible de-escalation in the Middle East. Statements by Donald Trump that Iran had officially requested a ceasefire, and his readiness to withdraw troops within several weeks, provided the security of the Strait of Hormuz is ensured, became the key catalyst for the rally. This led to a sharp reduction of the geopolitical premium in oil prices, easing pressure on capital markets. However, the overall positive picture was overshadowed by a 15.6% drop in Nike shares – investors reacted extremely negatively to the company’s weak revenue guidance, which raised concerns about the sustainability of consumer demand in the retail sector.

The CAD strengthened to 1.39 per US dollar. The country’s manufacturing sector showed stagnation in March: the PMI fell to the critical level of 50.0. Zero growth is accompanied by a sharp increase in production costs and growing anxiety among Canadian manufacturers regarding possible trade tariffs from the United States. Such uncertainty in trade policy limits the recovery potential of the Canadian currency, despite the temporary calm in the Persian Gulf.

The Mexican peso showed a confident recovery, reaching 17.8 per US dollar. The main driver of growth was the return of global risk appetite amid signals of a possible de-escalation in the Middle East. After an extremely volatile March, when the currency suffered from massive unwinding of carry-trade positions and investor flight into safe-haven assets, the weakening of the US dollar allowed the peso to recoup a significant portion of its losses.

On Thursday, Bitcoin fell by about 2.0%, settling at 66,512 dollars. The digital assets market reacted to the emergency address of US President Donald Trump to the nation, in which he summarized the interim results of “Operation Epic Fury.” Despite the overall rhetoric about the mission nearing completion, Trump threatened Iran with an “extremely strong strike” in the next two to three weeks if Tehran does not comply with Washington’s conditions.
European stock markets showed a sharp rise yesterday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose by 2.73%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed up 2.10%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) gained 3.11%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed 1.85% higher.

On Wednesday, the US WTI crude oil futures ended trading at 99.60 dollars per barrel, recording a long-awaited drop below the psychological threshold of 100 dollars. Early April was marked by a wave of cautious optimism following Donald Trump’s statements about a possible end to the military operation in Iran within two to three weeks. The market reacted sensitively to news that Iranian leader Masoud Pezeshkian had officially requested a ceasefire, giving investors hope for de-escalation of the most acute energy crisis in recent years. Despite diplomatic glimmers, the US administration maintains a tough stance, setting an uncompromising condition: any peace talks will begin only after the Strait of Hormuz is fully open and recognized as safe for international shipping. This strategic waterway remains the main point of tension, as its blockade led to a record volume of oil fund trading at the end of March.

Asian markets rose yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) climbed 1.85%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) gained 1.50%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) rose 2.04%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) showed a positive result of 2.24%.

The NZD resumed its decline, falling to 0.571 US dollars and interrupting a two-day recovery. The main pressure factor was investor disappointment after Donald Trump’s prime-time address to the nation. Despite statements that the goals of “Operation Epic Fury” are almost achieved, the US President did not present a concrete plan for an immediate ceasefire. Although the RBNZ traditionally tries to “ignore” temporary price spikes, Breman made it clear that if inflation becomes persistent, the bank will have to raise interest rates again to prevent inflation expectations from rising.

S&P 500 (US500) 6,575.32 +46.80 (+0.72%)

Dow Jones (US30) 46,565.74 +224.23 (+0.48%)

DAX (DE40) 23,298.89 +618.85 (+2.73%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 10,364.79 +188.34 (+1.85%)

USD Index 99.56 -0.40% (-0.40%)

News feed for: 2026.04.02

  • Germany GfK Consumer Confidence (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+2) – EUR (MED)
  • Norway Norges Bank Interest Rate Decision at 11:00 (GMT+2) – NOK (HIGH)
  • US Initial Jobless Claims (w/w) at 14:30 (GMT+2) – USD (MED)
  • US Natural Gas Storage (w/w) at 16:30 (GMT+2) – XNG (HIGH)
  • Mexico Interest Rate Decision at 21:00 (GMT+2) – MXN (HIGH)

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

From youth bulges to graying societies: The demographic dynamics that are upending the world

By John Rennie Short, University of Maryland, Baltimore County 

Government-shaking protests in Bangladesh, Iran, Nepal and Sri Lanka – to name a few – have all in recent years been linked to what demographers call a “youth bulge.” Meanwhile, the economic slowdown in China and ballooning public debt in the United States are in part due to the two powers’ aging populations. In contrast, recent economic growth in Brazil, India and Vietnam reflects a “demographic dividend” of the economically active.

Demographic trends are fueling some of the events reshaping the world. But what exactly are these age-related phenomena, and why are they having such an impact now? I explored these issues in depth in my 2024 book “Demography and the Making of the Modern World.”

Below is a rundown on some of the main demographic dynamics that are changing the world.

Young populations

Having a high proportion of a population age 14 and under is something generally found in poorer countries, and it usually means a huge demographic drag on economic performance.

We see this in Angola, Niger and Somalia, all of which have between 45% and 50% in that age group — compared to around 17% in the United States.

Having such a large proportion of society in their early childhood means fewer workers are supporting a vast number of citizens not in the workforce – and that leads to reduced savings rates and slower economic growth.

Countries still at this early stage of the demographic transition from high to low birth rates often have limited economic opportunities.

The youth bulge

Baby booms, the result of high fertility rates, are inevitably followed by a “youth bulge.” This is defined as a country with a larger than average proportion of people ages 15 to 29.

This bulge is linked to an increase in political instability and the possibility of increased political violence.

Research has found that countries with more than 60% of their population under 30 are four times more likely to experience outbreaks of civil conflict.

So it is of little surprise that countries that have experienced mass political protests of late have a significant youth bulge. In Bangladesh, which saw its government toppled by mass protests in 2024, 53% of the population is under 30. Iran, where major protests in January were brutally repressed, has between 50% and 60% under 30. And in Sri Lanka, the site of major protests in 2022, 48% of the population is under 30.

This isn’t an entirely new phenomenon. The Arab Spring uprisings of 2011-12 owe much of their origin to a youth bulge in the Middle East. At the time, the portion of the population under 30 in Egypt, one of the epicenters of the uprising, was 60%-65%.

When economies cannot create enough jobs for a large youth cohort, unemployment among educated young people can cause widespread frustration and a sense of political marginalization, which can sometimes turn into violent methods to effect change.

Societies with high percentages of young people, both under 15 or in places with a youth bulge, can have other serious global knock-on effects. For example, while there are many reasons behind new immigration flows, an underlying driver of departures – from Africa and the Middle East in particular – is a lack of opportunity at home and the promise of better opportunities abroad for this burgeoning population.

The demographic dividend

As youthful countries age, a phenomenon called a “demographic dividend” can occur. That’s when a higher proportion of people in the more economically active 15-64 age group emerges.

From 1970 to 2000, the rapid economic growth of East Asian economies, Western Europe and the U.S. was tied to this demographic dividend.

Today, countries with demographic dividends such as Vietnam, with 70% of the population ages 15-64, have the opportunity for impressive growth rates.

And while sub-Saharan Africa has many problems now, partly as a result of a large population under 15, it can look forward to the potential of a huge demographic dividend in the future.

The aging population

The window of opportunity created by the demographic dividend does not last forever. As longer life expectancy kicks in, so too does the population age.

China has now aged out of its dividend, and Brazil’s is coming to an end. In China, the population over 65 will reach 28% by 2040 – more than double what it was just 15 years ago.

In super-aged countries, such as Japan and Italy, the 65-and-over population now accounts for 25%-30% of the total population.

And that can be a huge problem.

A graying population can dampen economic growth. In the U.S., people over 65 are the fastest-growing cohort, and they tend to be high-propensity voters who pressure the government to extend retirement benefits, leading to a massive flow of wealth transfer from the shrinking working population to the expanding number of retirees. In 1950, there were 16.5 workers for every beneficiary of Social Security in the United States. By 2023, this figure had fallen to 2.7 workers per beneficiary.

A second demographic dividend can occur if an aging population has enough savings and asset accumulation to pass on to younger generations. But this wealth transfer can increase inequality, as those who receive substantial inheritance will be better positioned than those who do not.

In most graying societies, there are often acrimonious debates about how governments should pay for the benefits for an increasingly elderly population from the wages of a reduced working-age population.

Solutions such as increasing retirement age, reducing benefits or imposing higher taxes come with political costs. President Emmanuel Macron’s government in France, for example, has been periodically threatened by popular protest against cuts in social welfare, especially retirement benefits.

At the latter stages of the transition, aging richer countries now require workers from overseas – but are coming up against a nativist backlash. A combination of slowing economies and new streams of immigrants are creating a volatile politics conducive to the rise of authoritarianism and xenophobia. In this way, the rise of a populist nationalism in the U.S. and across Europe is linked to an increasingly aging population.

The shrinking world

As birth rates fall, the shrinking of a nation’s population is often worrisome for political elites, who tend to see a large population as a source of power.

It explains the official encouragement of higher birth rates in China and Russia through pronatal policies such as tax breaks and fiscal incentives. Even the U.S. administration has mused how to increase birth rates.

But governments have little power when it comes to encouraging women to have more children.

Population size can influence geopolitical rivalries. India is in the fortunate position of a demographic dividend that may last for several more decades. By 2100, the population of India is estimated to be roughly 1.5 billion; China’s is forecast to be 800 million. And that could change the dynamic between the two longtime rivals.

Meanwhile, Russia’s population continues to fall due to very low birth rates. This population crisis feeds into a post-imperial syndrome, where the decline of empire and power status invokes a sense of loss of self-importance that gives rise to resentment and an unwavering commitment to retain great power status.

How governments and societies adapt to population change is key: Demographic dividends can be squandered and aging populations can enrich societies, if played right. Demography is undoubtedly a vital force in contemporary events – but it is also not a predetermined destiny.The Conversation

About the Author:

John Rennie Short, Professor Emeritus of Public Policy, University of Maryland, Baltimore County

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

 

Signs of diplomatic dialogue have appeared in the Middle East – markets reacted positively

By JustMarkets 

On Tuesday, the US stock markets ended with a powerful rally. By the end of the day, the Dow Jones Index (US30) rose by 2.49%. The S&P 500 Index (US500) increased by 2.91%. The Tech Index NASDAQ (US100) closed higher by 3.43%. Investor optimism was triggered by signals of possible diplomatic de‑escalation: Iran’s President Masoud Pezeshkian, during international contacts, confirmed Tehran’s readiness for a ceasefire. The main conditions from the Iranian side were the provision of firm international security guarantees, payment of reparations, and recognition of the country’s sovereign rights, which the market interpreted as the first real “exit” from the hot phase of the conflict. The leaders of the recovery were technology giants, the most sensitive to geopolitical risks: Nvidia shares rose by 5.6%, and Microsoft by 3.1%. Despite Tuesday’s positive close, March results remain extremely painful for investors: the S&P 500 ended the month down 5.3%, its worst result since 2022.

The Canadian dollar reached 1.395 per US dollar, updating its lowest levels since December of last year. Despite positive domestic statistics, Canada’s economy grew by 0.2% in February due to a recovery in the mining and financial sectors, but the national currency could not withstand the global dominance of the US dollar. The main factor behind the weakening of the loonie was the widespread flight of investors into safe‑haven assets amid the prolonged conflict in the Middle East. The situation is worsened by the fact that the traditional support for the Canadian dollar from high oil prices is being offset by concerns over global economic growth. Markets are pricing in a prolonged supply shock scenario, in which Canada’s benefit from expensive commodities is overshadowed by a general decline in risk appetite.

European stock markets showed growth yesterday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose by 0.52%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed up 0.57%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) gained 0.47%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed 0.48% higher.

Silver (XAG) prices showed a local rise to 73 dollars per ounce. However, this short‑term interest does not change the catastrophic monthly dynamics: silver ends March with a decline of more than 20%, the worst monthly result in the past 14 years. At the moment, the asset is trading almost 40% below its historical highs recorded at the end of January 2026. Such a sharp collapse of the industrial and precious metals is due to a radical shift in the macroeconomic landscape caused by the war in the Middle East. The blockade of the Strait of Hormuz and the subsequent energy shock (Brent oil above 115 dollars) turned inflation from a temporary factor into a long‑term threat. This forced investors to completely revise their expectations for interest rates: before the war, the market expected two Fed rate cuts in 2026, but now traders have fully ruled out such a scenario, pricing in the continuation of tight credit conditions.

WTI oil prices showed a corrective decline, falling to 100 dollars per barrel. Earlier in the session, prices reached a local peak of 107 dollars, but the market reacted to diplomatic signals from Tehran. The easing of tensions coincided with a tactical pause in US actions. President Donald Trump temporarily suspended direct strikes on Iranian territory, giving traders hope for a partial resumption of tanker traffic from GCC countries through the Strait of Hormuz. At the moment, shipping in this key chokepoint is almost paralyzed, and freight rates have reached multi‑year highs.

Asian markets traded without a unified trend yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) fell by 1.58%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) declined by 0.47%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) rose by 0.15%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) posted a positive result of 0.25%.

China’s manufacturing sector in March 2026 experienced a noticeable cooling of growth rates, according to the PMI business‑activity Index from RatingDog. The decline of the indicator to 50.8 (after February’s 52.1) was more pronounced than the market expected (prediction 51.6). Although the Index remains above the 50‑point threshold separating growth from stagnation, the report revealed serious structural challenges caused by global instability.

S&P 500 (US500) 6,528.52 +184.80 (+2.91%)

Dow Jones (US30) 46,341.51 +1,125.37 (+2.49%)

DAX (DE40) 22,680.04 +117.16 (+0.52%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 10,176.45 +48.49 (+0.48%)

USD Index 99.82 -0.69% (-0.68%)

News feed for: 2026.04.01

  • Japan Monetary Policy Meeting Minutes at 01:50 (GMT+2) – JPY (MED)
  • Australia Inflation Rate (m/m) at 02:30 (GMT+2) – AUD (HIGH)
  • UK Inflation Rate (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+2) – GBP (HIGH)
  • Eurozone ECB President Lagarde Speaks at 10:45 (GMT+2) – EUR (LOW)
  • German Ifo Business Climate (m/m) at 11:00 (GMT+2) – EUR (MED)
  • US Crude Oil Reserves (w/w) at 16:30 (GMT+2) – WTI (HIGH)

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

How polling failures, gambling legalization and political gridlock paved the way for the explosive rise of prediction markets

By Parker Bach, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 

Though prediction markets have been legal in the U.S. for less than 18 months, they can’t stop making news and making money.

On prediction markets such as Kalshi and Polymarket, users can stake real money on just about anything, from the winner of the 2028 U.S. presidential election to when Taylor Swift will get married.

But this isn’t simple entertainment: In theory, these wagers serve as a means of collecting the public’s insights into the future.

That’s why you may have seen CNN’s pundits casually mention Kalshi’s election odds for the 2026 primaries, or watched CBS offer real-time Polymarket projections of which actors would win awards during the Golden Globes.

Existing research on the principles and history of prediction markets suggests they can be a valuable way of pooling collective knowledge about the future.

But as researchers like me, journalists and legislators race to understand the impact these markets are having on society and politics, several questions have emerged about the regulation of these platforms and their forecasting abilities.

The what and why of prediction markets

In practice, prediction markets are quite simple.

Each market offers what are known as “event contracts” on whether some future outcome will occur. Each contract costs between 1 and 99 cents, paying out US$1 if the event occurs or nothing if it does not.

Similar to sports betting, purchasing a contract represents a wager. There are higher returns for positions on outcomes deemed less likely. Like in the stock market, a trader can buy and sell contracts over time, as odds – and thus prices – fluctuate.

At the time of writing, Kalshi traders put the odds of the passage of the SAVE Act, legislation centered on requiring proof of U.S. citizenship to register to vote, at about 10%. So each contract for this outcome costs 10 cents. If I think the act is more likely to pass than that, I could purchase some “shares” and sell them at a higher price if the odds go up in the future. If I hold them and the bill ultimately becomes law, I would receive a return that’s 10 times what I originally paid.

Two theories support the idea that prediction markets should excel at forecasting: the wisdom of crowds and the efficient market hypothesis.

First described over a century ago, the wisdom of crowds refers to the idea that the median judgment of a large, diverse group of people operating independently is often more accurate than that of a single expert.

A related argument appears in the efficient market hypothesis, which emerged in the mid-20th century among economists who championed free markets. It holds that prices encode all available information, reflecting the collective judgments of profit-seeking sellers and deal-seeking buyers.

At their best, then, prediction markets aggregate collective intelligence to weigh the likelihood of future events.

Polling’s credibility crisis creates an opening

Gambling on the outcomes of the day’s events has a long history. In 16th-century Italy, gamblers could wager on the election of civic magistrates and the outcome of papal conclaves. And from the 1880s to 1930s, New York City was the hub of political wagering, which sometimes exceeded the stock market in daily volume.

Reporting on bets ahead of the 1924 presidential election, The New York Times observed, “It is an old axiom in the financial district that Wall Street betting odds are ‘never wrong.’”

However, the rise of scientific polling and legal crackdowns on political wagering forced prediction markets to fade to the background.

That changed in 2024.

One month before the U.S. elections, a federal court granted the prediction market startup Kalshi permission to legally operate prediction markets concerning U.S. election results.

Around the same time, Elon Musk posted on X about Donald Trump leading Kamala Harris in prediction market odds. Trump followed suit. Kalshi put up billboards with live election odds in Times Square. Users and dollars flowed in. By election day, a volume of over $500 million in presidential election bets had been traded on Kalshi alone. Polymarket featured over $3.6 billion more in volume.

Political polling, meanwhile, was facing a crisis of confidence. Response rates had been declining for decades, and Trump voters had been undercounted in 2016 and 2020.

The polls forecast the presidential election as a coin toss. The prediction market, meanwhile, favored Trump at roughly 60% odds to win.

After Trump won at the ballot box, prediction markets declared victory over polling as the new, trustworthy forecasters of public opinion.

The utility of the markets

Over the past 50 years, journalists have increasingly incorporated quantitative data in their reporting, and audiences have come to expect political forecasting as part of their news diet.

With polling experiencing a crisis of confidence, prediction markets have become an increasingly attractive way for journalists to offer a data-backed snapshot of public beliefs.

Prediction markets have other advantages over polls for journalists. They respond to events in real time, and they’re free to access. Polls, meanwhile, take time and money to administer. They provide forecasts for political outcomes that go beyond elections – such as Cabinet nominations and Supreme Court decisions – which are usually outside the purview of polling.

In recent months, Kalshi and Polymarket have inked several partnership deals with news outlets. There’s a symbiotic relationship at play: Prediction markets provide journalists with data to report and discuss. Journalists, in turn, legitimize prediction markets by citing them as a trusted source.

Prediction markets have historically performed well on elections. Whether they’re more accurate than polls on other kinds of questions is still up for debate.

If traders behave purely rationally, in the economic sense, they might flit between positions to maximize profit based on new information, personal biases aside.

But when wagering on elections, most traders have seemed to consistently buy and sell only one position, rather than switching between them. They may think they’re trading rationally while exhibiting a “wishful thinking” bias. Or, like many sports bettors, they may be wagering out of fandom or for entertainment.

All of these scenarios could undercut the accuracy of these markets.

The elephant in the room

Many journalists are embracing the data even as their news outlets run stories about concerns over insider trading in predictive markets. Because the outcome of events is often determined by human actors, those privy to certain plans – say, a looming ceasefire deal – would have access to information not available to the public and could profit handsomely off that information.

Two anonymous accounts made hundreds of thousands of dollars predicting the downfall of Nicolás Maduro and betting on the toppling of Ayatollah Ali Khamanei, with traders putting their money down just before the U.S. took military action. This timing has raised some eyebrows.

Kalshi prohibits insider trading, and in early 2026 it fined and suspended two high-profile traders who were using inside information.

Likely in response to bad press and statements from lawmakers seeking to regulate the platforms, Kalshi and Polymarket also announced new insider trading rules on March 23, 2026, centered on politics and sports.

The legal mechanisms for enforcing these rules, however, are less clear. SEC Rule 10b5-1 prohibits trading securities on the basis of material nonpublic information.

But event contracts are not governed by the SEC. They’re under the purview of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, a much smaller agency. As things stand, the small agency has too few employees to regulate the legality of specific event contracts, which are governed by the Commodity Exchange Act. Kalshi and certain other prediction market platforms are instead given the latitude to self-certify the legality of each contract.

Any efforts to meaningfully regulate insider trading would, in my view, require clear rules and viable enforcement mechanisms.

From participation to profit

As I conduct my research, I often consider what the booming popularity of prediction markets says about American culture and politics in 2026.

In 1969, sociologist Erving Goffman theorized that Americans’ attraction to gambling stemmed from a need for “action” in an increasingly bureaucratized society. Similarly, studies have suggested that betting on sports makes fans feel like they’re participating, not just observing.

Congress is less productive than ever. Most Americans feel they have little influence over the workings of the government, with many looking on helplessly as democratic guardrails have been dismantled.

Who knows what will happen in the coming year. The filibuster might be weakened, or the U.S. could invade Cuba. Most Americans will have little say. But prediction markets at least offer the chance to make a buck off the action.The Conversation

About the Author:

Parker Bach, PhD Student in Media and Communication, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.