Archive for Economics & Fundamentals – Page 57

Market “Olympics”: Best-performing financial assets so far in 2024

By ForexTime 

  • US Dollar still reigns, though perhaps not much longer
  • GBP: best-performing G10 currency vs. USD year-to-date (YTD)
  • NETH25: FXTM’s best-performing stock index YTD
  • Cocoa: FXTM’s best-performing commodity YTD
  • Nvidia: best-performing stock on the S&P 500 YTD
  • Solana: FXTM’s best-performing crypto YTD

 

We’re in the final stretch of the 2024 Olympics, set to end August 11th.

The United States is leading the Olympic medals tally after weeks of sporting conquests across disciplines and arenas.

In similar fashion, we scan across global financial markets and highlight the world champions of their respective asset classes (and within the FXTM universe), so far in 2024 (year-to-date).

 

G10 currency (vs. US dollar):

  • British Pound

Although GBPUSD is down about 0.3% so far this year, it’s still beating the rest of the G10 pack in terms of being the smallest year-to-date loser against the US dollar. Even the fast-recovering Japanese Yen remains in 6th place.

To be clear, the US Dollar index still boasts a year-to-date gain of 1.77% at the time of writing.

While King Dollar still reigns supreme, its gains may be wiped out over the rest of the year, if the Federal Reserve follows through with the aggressive US rate cuts that markets expect.

If US rates are lowered at a faster pace compared to its G10 peers, that could help push the likes of GBP into a positive year-to-date performance.

 

Stock Index:

  • NETH25

FXTM’s NETH25 stock index tracks the performance of the AEX index – the Amsterdam Exchange index.

The AEX index measures the overall performance of the 25 biggest and most actively traded shares on Euronext Amsterdam.

Led by semiconductor giant ASML – Europe’s largest tech company by market cap, also the biggest stock on the AEX index – ASML’s surge has also boosted its host index simultaneously.

Despite falling by as much as 8.9% since mid-July, amid the broader declines for global equities, the NETH25 index is still holding onto much of its gains garnered from earlier this year.

The NETH25 is still up about 11% on a year-to-date basis.

However, those year-to-date gains may be further eroded if there’s further selling across global equities amid fears of a US recession that darkens the global economic outlook, as well as lessened spending on semiconductors by AI-industry players.

 

Metal/Commodity:

  • Cocoa

This global commodity still holds a year-to-date advance of 103%, far beating the likes of gold (+16.9% YTD) and US crude oil (+5.1% YTD).

There has been a global shortage of cocoa, as evidenced by US inventories of cocoa beans falling to their lowest level in over 4 years.

However, such gains may not last.

Markets expect a recovery in west African production of cocoa to recover in the months ahead. The global cocoa market is projected to flip from a deficit into a surplus (more cocoa beans supplied than demanded by sweet-toothed consumers) next year.

With markets well aware of this outlook, no surprise that cocoa prices has only managed lower highs since April 2024, though retaining its triple-digit year-to-date gains, for now.

Overall, global commodities, from cocoa to crude oil, may well see further declines if a US recession is confirmed, along with still-sluggish Chinese economic growth, which combined to weigh down the global economy.

 

US Stock (on the S&P 500):

  • Nvidia

Much has already been made about how Nvidia has been a star performer on the US stock market in recent years.

It’s been on a seemingly unrelenting quest of posting new record highs at the height of the AI-mania, before crashing back down to earth in recent weeks.

Though having fallen by about 27% since its all-time high set on June 18th …

Nvidia still holds a year-to-date gain of nearly 100%

(99.7% to be more precise, before US markets open on August 8th).

This stock may yet recover back to its record highs, once the ongoing selloff abates.

Wall Street still predicts a 43% upside over the next 12 months, with a target price of $141.35.

If it gets there, that would be a new record high for Nvidia’s stocks in 2025, unless markets believe the artificial intelligence mania has been a lot more hype and its AI-fuelled profits have already peaked.

 

Cryptocurrency:

  • Solana

Solana’s year-to-date gains stand at 51.5% at the time of writing, exceeding Bitcoin’s YTD advance of 35%.

Given the respective debuts of Bitcoin ETFs and Ethereum ETFs earlier this year, the crypto market’s attentions have now turned to other cryptocurrencies that could be next in the ETF pipeline.

ETFs = Exchange-traded funds, which can be bought and sold like regular stocks on a centralised exchange. ETFs make it easier, and more secure, for investors (both retail and institutional) to gain access to the underlying crypto without having to directly purchase the digital asset.

If the US government turns increasingly pro crypto, especially if we see a return of President Trump to the White House after the November US Presidential elections, then cryptocurrencies stand to be restored to their recent peaks respectively.

Solana bulls (those betting that prices will rise) will be hoping that their favoured crypto could move back closer to the psychologically-important $200 level.

 

It remains to be seen which specific instrument will sit atop of their respective asset classes by the end of this year.

What’s more certain is that the remaining months of 2024 may yet bring more volatility, in light of heightened geopolitical tensions, fears of a US recession, as well as political uncertainties stemming from the US Presidential Elections.

That should produce large opportunities for traders and investors who remain alert to the macro picture across financial markets.


Forex-Time-LogoArticle by ForexTime

ForexTime Ltd (FXTM) is an award winning international online forex broker regulated by CySEC 185/12 www.forextime.com

RBI kept rates at 6.5%. The Canadian dollar is strengthening due to foreign currency inflows and rising oil prices

By JustMarkets

At Wednesday’s close, the Dow Jones Index (US30) was down 0.60%, while the S&P 500 Index (US500) decreased by 0.77%. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed negative 1.05%. Yesterday, chip stocks gave up early gains and retreated, which had a negative impact on the overall market.

Stocks on Wednesday initially went up on positivity from a rally in Japanese stocks amid dovish comments from Bank of Japan (BoJ) Deputy Governor Uchida, who pledged to refrain from raising interest rates amid volatile markets. Financial markets have been in turmoil since last week, when the BoJ unexpectedly raised interest rates, causing the yen to surge to a 7-month high against the dollar and contributing to a rapid unwinding of yen trading that pulled down risk assets around the world.

Airbnb (ABNB) closed down more than 13% after estimating third-quarter revenue of $3.67 billion to $3.73 billion, below consensus estimates of $3.84 billion, and warning of weaker demand from US vacationers. Illumina (ILMN) closed higher by more than 4% after reporting second-quarter revenue of $1.11 billion, above the consensus prognosis of $1.09 billion.

The Canadian dollar strengthened to 1.37 per US dollar, recovering from an eight-month low of 1.388 hit on August 1, thanks to an improving outlook for foreign exchange inflows and reduced fears of a US recession, which restored global risk appetite. A recovery in oil prices, driven by a sixth consecutive week of declines in US inventories and fears of supply disruptions from the Middle East, further supported the loonie. However, the recent rate cut by the Bank of Canada (BoC) and expectations of further easing of up to 150 basis points over the next year will create headwinds for the Canadian dollar.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly up yesterday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose by 1.50%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed 1.91% higher, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) added 2.01%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed positive 1.75%.

WTI crude oil prices rose to around $75.5 per barrel on Thursday, rising for the third consecutive session, driven by a larger-than-expected decline in US crude inventories. EIA data for Wednesday showed crude inventories fell by 3.728 million barrels, the sixth consecutive weekly decline, well above the expected 0.4 million barrel drop. However, gasoline and distillate inventories rose over the period.

Asian markets traded flat yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) rose by 1.19%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) added 0.13%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) gained 1.38%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was positive 0.25%.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) kept the benchmark repo rate at 6.5% for the ninth consecutive meeting in August 2024 to ensure inflation falls to the medium-term target of 4% while supporting growth, in line with market expectations. The latest move came after annual inflation accelerated to a four-month high of 5.08% in June 2024, driven by rising food prices, but remained within the RBI’s acceptable target range of 2–6% In addition, the Central Bank maintained its economic growth estimate for FY 2025 at 7.2%, keeping inflation expectations at 4.5%.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,199.50 −40.53 (−0.77%)

Dow Jones (US30) 38,763.45 −234.21 (−0.60%)

DAX (DE40) 17,615.15 +260.83 (+1.50%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,166.88 +140.19 (+1.75%)

USD Index 103.20 +0.24 (+0.23%)

Important events today:
  • – Australia NAB Business Confidence (m/m) at 04:30 (GMT+3);
  • – China Trade Balance (m/m) at 06:00 (GMT+3);
  • – New Zealand Inflation Expectations (q/q) at 06:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Initial Jobless Claims (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US Natural Gas Storage (w/w) at 17:30 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

This Trend Will Likely Soon Rock the U.S. Financial System

Why monetary inflation has been shrinking

By Elliott Wave International

Nearly everyone who buys groceries, fills their car tank with gas, pays rent, buys car insurance and so on is talking about the high cost of living. And it’s true that consumer price inflation is higher today than before the pandemic – although, it’s nowhere near as high as it was two years ago, when the annual inflation rate spiked to a 40-year peak of 9.1%.

Since then, the pace of inflation has slowed way down. In fact, the latest reading of the Consumer Price Index, or CPI, came in at 3%, close to the Federal Reserve’s “ideal” target of 2% a year.

But that’s price inflation. There is another measure of inflation that has to do with money supply. It’s the so-called monetary inflation, or the supply of printed money. It has also declined over the past two years and is likely set to decrease even more. And while it sounds like a good trend, it’s actually the opposite.

Here’s insight from our just-published July Elliott Wave Theorist:

Monetary inflation … is unlikely to continue. Why? because since early 2022 the Fed’s clear aim has been to reduce the size of its balance sheet. Over the past two years, the value of the Fed’s assets, representing “printed” money, has gone from $8.94 trillion to $7.22 trillion, a decline of nearly 20 percent.

The July Elliott Wave Theorist continues:

This shrinkage of base money, moreover, has taken place even as total debt has expanded. This situation cannot maintain. The dichotomy will soon rock the financial system. It’s just a matter of when.

Indeed, U.S. household debt – which is part of that “total debt” The Theorist is referring to — grew by $800 million from 2022 to 2023, including a 16.6% growth in credit card debt, according to Marketwatch.

The financial website had this headline on June 20:

Americans Are Carrying Record Household Debt into 2024

Interestingly, Washington D.C. has the highest per capita credit card debt in the country.

And speaking of the nation’s capital, out of control spending has led to a national debt of nearly $35 trillion.

As CBS News noted earlier this year (March 1):

U.S. interest payments on its debt are set to exceed defense spending.

The Congressional Budget Office projects the annual interest on the debt will hit $1.4 trillion by 2033.

And this does not even consider the huge amount of debt at the state and local levels – as well as the debt of corporations.

U.S. household debt is growing and will only get bigger. In turn, so will the scale of the news coverage about “the importance of the household debt to economic activity.” Regardless of where in the world you live or invest, staying ahead of the trends in the U.S. stock market and economy is worth your while. Elliott Wave International has a free must-read issue on U.S stocks that I suggest you check out, on www.elliottwave.com.

This article was syndicated by Elliott Wave International and was originally published under the headline This Trend Will Likely Soon Rock the U.S. Financial System. EWI is the world’s largest market forecasting firm. Its staff of full-time analysts led by Chartered Market Technician Robert Prechter provides 24-hour-a-day market analysis to institutional and private investors around the world.

Panic selling of indices is over. New Zealand’s rising unemployment brings the RBNZ easing cycle closer

By JustMarkets

At Tuesday’s close, the Dow Jones (US30) Index was up 0.76%, while the S&P 500 (US500) Index was up 1.04%. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed positive 1.03%. US stocks recovered strongly on Tuesday, rebounding after a three-day sell-off. Dip buyers emerged yesterday, pushing stocks higher after Monday’s sharp decline. The sharp rise in Japanese stocks today provided support for US stocks. All sectors were up, with real estate and technology leading the way. Japan’s Nikkei Stock Index (JP225) rose more than 10% today as a weaker yen sparked a rally in Japanese exporters after the Bank of Japan (BoJ) said it will hold a trilateral meeting with the Ministry of Finance and the Financial Services Agency in Tokyo to discuss international markets.

Nvidia (NVDA) shares are up more than 5% after New Street Research upgraded the stock to “buy” from “neutral” with a $120 price target. Uber Technologies (UBER) is up more than 7% after reporting second-quarter gross orders of $39.95 billion, better than the consensus estimate of $39.70 billion Palantir Technologies (PLTR) is up more than 10% after reporting second-quarter revenue of $678.1 million, better than the consensus of $652.8 million, and raising its full-year revenue outlook

The US trade deficit narrowed to $73.1 billion in June from a revised $75.1 billion in May but was larger than expectations of $72.5 billion and a negative for second-quarter GDP. The market consensus expects second-quarter earnings for S&P 500 companies to rise 9% year-over-year. About half of the companies in the S&P 500 have already reported. According to Bloomberg data, most of the companies that reported beat consensus on earnings, but only 43% beat revenue expectations, the lowest in five years.

Equity markets in Europe traded mixed yesterday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose by 0.09%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed down 0.27%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) fell 0.32%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed positive 0.23%. Eurozone retail sales fell by 0.3% m/m in June, weaker than expectations of 0.1% m/m and the biggest decline in 6 months. German factory orders rose by 3.9% m/m in June, which was stronger than expectations of 0.5% m/m and was the largest increase in the last 6 months. Swaps discount the probability of a 25bp ECB rate cut at the September 12 meeting to 100%.

The US crude oil inventories rose by 4.495 million barrels in the week ended August 2, 2024, after declining by 4.495 million barrels in the previous week, data from API’s weekly statistical bulletin showed. This marked the fifth consecutive week of decline in crude inventories and was below market expectations of a 0.85 million barrel increase.

Asian markets traded flat yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) was up 10.23%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) was down 0.66%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) lost 0.31% by Tuesday’s close, while Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was positive 0.41%.

The offshore yuan slipped to 7.18 per dollar, falling short of the seven-month peak reached earlier this week, as traders reacted to the latest economic data from China. On Wednesday, China reported a trade surplus of $84.65 billion for July 2024, up from $80.22 billion in the same month a year earlier but short of market expectations of $99 billion. Exports rose 7% year-on-year in July, below the 9.7% growth estimate and the slowest growth since April. In contrast, imports posted the fastest growth rate since April, rising 7.2% from a year earlier and well ahead of the prognosis of 3.5% increase.

New Zealand’s unemployment rate rose to 4.6% in the three months to June 2024, following an upwardly revised 4.4% in the previous quarter. This is the highest rate since the first quarter of 2021 and slightly below market expectations of 4.7%. This will increase the likelihood of an earlier rate cut by the RBNZ and will harm the kiwi.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,240.03 +53.70 (+1.04%)

Dow Jones (US30) 38,997.66 +294.39 (+0.76%)

DAX (DE40) 17,354.32 +15.32 (+0.09%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,026.69 +18.46 (+0.23%)

USD Index 102.96 +0.27 (+0.26%)

Important events today:
  • – New Zealand Unemployment Rate (q/q) at 01:45 (GMT+3);
  • – German Industrial Production (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3);
  • – German Trade Balance (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Canada Ivey PMI (m/m) at 17:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Crude Oil Reserves (w/w) at 17:30 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

AIs encode language like brains do − opening a window on human conversations

By Zaid Zada, Princeton University 

Language enables people to transmit thoughts to each other because each person’s brain responds similarly to the meaning of words. In our newly published research, my colleagues and I developed a framework to model the brain activity of speakers as they engaged in face-to-face conversations.

We recorded the electrical activity of two people’s brains as they engaged in unscripted conversations. Previous research has shown that when two people converse, their brain activity becomes coupled, or aligned, and that the degree of neural coupling is associated with better understanding of the speaker’s message.

A neural code refers to particular patterns of brain activity associated with distinct words in their contexts. We found that the speakers’ brains are aligned on a shared neural code. Importantly, the brain’s neural code resembled the artificial neural code of large language models, or LLMs.

The neural patterns of words

A large language model is a machine learning program that can generate text by predicting what words most likely follow others. Large language models excel at learning the structure of language, generating humanlike text and holding conversations. They can even pass the Turing test, making it difficult for someone to discern whether they are interacting with a machine or a human. Like humans, LLMs learn how to speak by reading or listening to text produced by other humans.

By giving the LLM a transcript of the conversation, we were able to extract its “neural activations,” or how it translates words into numbers, as it “reads” the script. Then, we correlated the speaker’s brain activity with both the LLM’s activations and with the listener’s brain activity. We found that the LLM’s activations could predict the speaker and listener’s shared brain activity.

To be able to understand each other, people have a shared agreement on the grammatical rules and the meaning of words in context. For instance, we know to use the past tense form of a verb to talk about past actions, as in the sentence: “He visited the museum yesterday.” Additionally, we intuitively understand that the same word can have different meanings in different situations. For instance, the word cold in the sentence “you are cold as ice” can refer either to one’s body temperature or personality trait, depending on the context. Due to the complexity and richness of natural language, until the recent success of large language models, we lacked a precise mathematical model to describe it.

Our study found that large language models can predict how linguistic information is encoded in the human brain, providing a new tool to interpret human brain activity. The similarity between the human brain’s and the large language model’s linguistic code has enabled us, for the first time, to track how information in the speaker’s brain is encoded into words and transferred, word by word, to the listener’s brain during face-to-face conversations. For example, we found that brain activity associated with the meaning of a word emerges in the speaker’s brain before articulating a word, and the same activity rapidly reemerges in the listener’s brain after hearing the word.

Powerful new tool

Our study has provided insights into the neural code for language processing in the human brain and how both humans and machines can use this code to communicate. We found that large language models were better able to predict shared brain activity compared with different features of language, such as syntax, or the order in which words connect to form phrases and sentences. This is partly due to the LLM’s ability to incorporate the contextual meaning of words, as well as integrate multiple levels of the linguistic hierarchy into one model: from words to sentences to conceptual meaning. This suggests important similarities between the brain and artificial neural networks.

An important aspect of our research is using everyday recordings of natural conversations to ensure that our findings capture the brain’s processing in real life. This is called ecological validity. In contrast to experiments in which participants are told what to say, we relinquish control of the study and let the participants converse as naturally as possible. This loss of control makes it difficult to analyze the data because each conversation is unique and involves two interacting individuals who are spontaneously speaking. Our ability to model neural activity as people engage in everyday conversations attests to the power of large language models.

Other dimensions

Now that we’ve developed a framework to assess the shared neural code between brains during everyday conversations, we’re interested in what factors drive or inhibit this coupling. For example, does linguistic coupling increase if a listener better understands the speaker’s intent? Or perhaps complex language, like jargon, may reduce neural coupling.

Another factor that can influence linguistic coupling may be the relationship between the speakers. For example, you may be able to convey a lot of information with a few words to a good friend but not to a stranger. Or you may be better neurally coupled to political allies rather than rivals. This is because differences in the way we use words across groups may make it easier to align and be coupled with people within rather than outside our social groups.The Conversation

About the Author:

Zaid Zada, Ph.D. Candidate in Psychology, Princeton University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Forced closures of carry-trade positions led to a crash in indices on Monday. The RBA maintained its policy settings

By JustMarkets

At Monday’s close, the Dow Jones (US30) Index was down 2.60%, while the S&P 500 (US500) Index fell by 3.00%. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed negative 3.43%. The S&P 500 and Nasdaq 100 Indexes fell to 3-month lows, and the Dow Jones Industrials Index fell to a 7-week low. The fall in global stock markets on Monday triggered a flight into government debt and drove bond yields lower, with the 10-year T-note yield falling to a 14-month low and the 10-year German bund yield falling to a 7-month low. The fall in equities on Monday led to a de-risking of asset markets, with the price of bitcoin (BTCUSD) falling more than 14% to a 5-month low and WTI crude oil falling to a 6-month low.

Why did such a massive sell-off occur? Economists have several theories, but the most real is the Japanese yen theory, where there is a forced closing of curry-trade positions. Funds have to pay higher interest rates on borrowed yen. Their USD assets may not be enough to repay the JPY loans. This has caused a massive sell-off of trading positions to attract more USD, converting them back into JPY to repay the loans. Expect an emergency Fed meeting against this backdrop only if the current volatility triggers risks to financial stability. It has nothing to do with recession risks at the moment, although it could trigger/accelerate them. However, after such an upsurge in volatility, some market participants will be forced to cut risks/shoulders by reducing positions, creating conditions and inertia for the process to continue. The Middle East conflict and political uncertainty in the US are adding to the fear and panic.

Chicago Fed President Goolsbee said last month’s jobs data “came in weaker than expected, but does not yet look like a recession” as US economic growth continues at a “fairly robust level.” Markets rate the odds of a 25bp rate cut at the September 17–18 FOMC meeting at 100% and a 50bp rate cut at the September 17–18 FOMC meeting at 95%.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly falling yesterday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) fell by 1.82%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed down 1.42%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) lost 2.34%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed negative 2.04%. The S&P Eurozone Composite PMI for July was revised upward by 0.1 to 50.2 from the previously reported 50.1. Swaps discount the odds of a 25 bp rate cut by the ECB by 99% at the September 12 meeting.

WTI crude oil prices rose to around $74 a barrel on Tuesday after declining for three consecutive sessions, helped by continued supply risks from rising tensions in the Middle East. Fears of a regional war intensified as Israel braced for possible attacks following Iran’s threats to retaliate after the recent assassinations of a senior Hezbollah commander in Lebanon and Hamas’ top political leader in Iran. Due to anti-government protests and security concerns, oil prices also received support from the shutdown of production at Libya’s largest oil field, Sharara.

Asian markets were mostly down yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) fell by 12.40%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) was down 0.59%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) was down 1.46%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was negative 3.70%.

Japan’s Nikkei 225 Index soared 10.7% early Tuesday, a day after a record 12.4% drop. By late morning, the index had given up some ground and was up 8.7% at 34,211.83. The rise followed sharp losses on Wall Street, which were dramatic but not as widespread as Monday’s crash in Tokyo. The losses of the past few sessions followed the Bank of Japan raising its main interest rate from nearly zero last week. That move helped to boost the value of the Japanese yen, but it also forced traders to exit trades in which they had borrowed money in Japan for virtually free and invested it elsewhere in the world.

The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) left interest rates unchanged for the sixth consecutive meeting but reiterated that it did not rule out further rate hikes to control inflation. The Central Bank kept the official money rate at a 12-year high of 4.35%, as expected, and emphasized that monetary policy should remain restrictive enough to ensure inflation returns to the target range of 2–3%. In addition, RBA chief Michele Bullock effectively ruled out the possibility of an interest rate cut in the near future.

In New Zealand, investors and some economists expect the Reserve Bank (RBNZ) to start cutting interest rates next week as markets around the world raise bets on imminent monetary easing. ANZ estimates the Central Bank will cut the official money rate by 25 bps to 5.25% at its August 14 meeting, with two more cuts to 4.75% expected by the end of the year.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,186.33 −160.23 (−3.00%)

Dow Jones (US30) 38,703.27 −1,033.99 (−2.60%)

DAX (DE40) 17,339.00 −322.22 (−1.82%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,008.23 −166.48 (−2.04%)

USD Index 102.74 −0.46 (−0.45%)

Important events today:
  • – Australia RBA Interest Rate Decision (m/m) at 07:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Australia RBA Monetary Policy Statement (m/m) at 07:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Switzerland Unemployment Rate (m/m) at 08:45 (GMT+3).
  • – Eurozone Retail Sales (m/m) at 12:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Trade Balance (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Canada Trade Balance (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

The US dollar fell to a 12-year low. Bitcoin lost 10% of its value during the day

By JustMarkets

At the end of Friday, the Dow Jones Index (US30) fell by 1.51% (for the week -2.28%), and the S&P 500 Index (US500) lost 1.84% (for the week -2.37%). The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed negative 2.43% (for the week -3.83%). On Friday, the US dollar fell to a twenty-week low against a basket of currencies due to weak US jobs data, which heightened fears of a possible recession and raised the stakes for more Fed rate cuts. The US economy added 114,000 jobs in July, which was below market expectations of a 175,000 increase. In addition, the unemployment rate unexpectedly rose to its highest level since 2021, and wage growth slowed more than expected. This followed weak manufacturing data, with the ISM manufacturing PMI showing a larger-than-expected contraction in factory activity. This raised fears of a recession in the US and also increased expectations of a dovish Federal Reserve rate hike. Markets now believe there is a more than 70% chance of a 50 basis point Fed rate cut in September, with a total easing of around 155 basis points this year and next.

Bitcoin fell 10% to below 53,000 on Monday, hitting a more than five-month low, as rising fears of a US recession prompted investors to shed risky assets, including digital currencies, stocks, commodities, and risk-sensitive currencies. The moves came amid weak US jobs data, which heightened fears that the Federal Reserve may already be too late to cut interest rates as the US economy may already be entering recession.

Equity markets in Europe mostly fell on Friday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) fell by 2.23% (week ended -4.75%), France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed down by 1.61% (week ended -3.92%), Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) fell 1.67% (week ended -4.89%), and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed negative 1.31% (week ended -1.34%).

ECB official Stournaras emphasized that inflation could fall below the 2% target due to problems in the Eurozone economy. As for the data, Eurozone annual inflation unexpectedly accelerated to 2.6% in July, but services inflation fell for the first time in three months. In addition, preliminary estimates suggest that the Eurozone economy grew 0.3% faster than expected in Q2, driven by growth in France, Italy, and Spain. On the other hand, Germany’s economy unexpectedly contracted.

WTI crude oil prices fell to $73 a barrel on Monday, declining for the third consecutive session as fears of recession in the US, the world’s top oil consumer, outweighed supply risks caused by geopolitical tensions in the Middle East. Markets are also watching the reaction of Iran, which vowed to avenge the assassination of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh after an airstrike in Tehran killed a top Hezbollah commander.

Asian markets were mostly down last week. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) fell by 5.85%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) declined 0.86%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) lost 2.08% over 5 trading days, while Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was positive 0.28%.

In Asia, investors await the Reserve Bank of Australia’s (RBA) interest rate decision on Tuesday, where a rate hold is widely expected. The probability of an RBA rate cut in November is around 75%, much earlier than previous estimates that suggested a rate cut in April next year. The Melbourne Institute’s monthly inflation gauge rose 0.4% in July 2024 after rising 0.3% in the previous two months. It was the fifth straight month of growth and the sharpest reading since December last year.

The overall Caixin China PMI fell to 51.2 in July 2024 from June’s reading of 52.8, indicating the lowest since last October and marking the ninth month of expansion in sector activity.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,346.56 −100.12 (−1.84%)

Dow Jones (US30) 39,737.26 −610.71 (−1.51%)

DAX (DE40) 17,661.22 −421.83 (−2.33%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,174.71 −108.65 (−1.31%)

USD Index 103.22 −1.20 (−1.15%)

Important events today:
  • – Japan Monetary Policy Meeting Minutes at 02:50 (GMT+3);
  • – Japan Services PMI (m/m) at 03:30 (GMT+3);
  • – German Services PMI (m/m) at 10:55 (GMT+3);
  • – Eurozone Services PMI (m/m) at 11:00 (GMT+3);
  • – UK Services PMI (m/m) at 11:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US ISM Services PMI (m/m) at 17:00 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

Why are Stock, FX, Crypto markets falling?

By ForexTime 

  • Risk assets (global stocks, cryptos, etc.) plummeting
  • Higher US unemployment rate fuelling US recession fears
  • Markets fear Fed may be too late to fend off recession
  • Safe havens JPY, CHF rising against all G10 peers
  • Volatile markets present trading opportunities galore, including for NAS100 index

 

Markets are a sea of red today!

Various asset classes, from stocks to cryptos, are plummeting after the recent US jobs shocker.

Last Friday (August 2nd), we learned that the US unemployment rate for July 2024 rose to 4.3%, its highest since October 2021 (back when the US economy was still recovering from the Covid pandemic).

That 4.3% unemployment rate has now officially triggered the “Sahm rule” – a historically accurate predictor of US recessions.

 

What is the “Sahm rule”?

This “rule” stipulates that a US recession begins when the 3-month moving average of the US unemployment rate rises by half (0.5) a percentage point, compared to its 12-month low.

Although the architect of this rule, former Federal Reserve economist Claudia Sahm, has sought to downplay the significance of such backward-looking data, markets were in no mood to hang around to give the benefit of the doubt to the world’s largest economy.

 

Can the Fed prevent a recession?

It’s still possible, but such odds appear less likely in light of the sudden jump in the US unemployment rate.

The Fed may yet shore up support for the economy by triggering larger-than-usual rate CUTS.

Still, markets fear that the Fed rate cuts may arrive too late.

After all, Fed rate cuts need six months or more before they are truly felt in the real economy.

 

Prior to last Friday’s US nonfarm payrolls data release, markets had forecasted just a 31% chance that the Fed will cut interest rates by 50-basis points at its September FOMC meeting.

Remember that the norm is a 25-basis point adjustment per meeting. A 50-bps cut would be double the typical rate move.

At the time of writing, markets have fully priced in a 50-basis point cut in September.

 

How are markets reacting?

Markets are extending the selloff across “risk assets” following Friday’s US jobs report.

So far today (Monday, August 5th):

  • US500 = down 2.9%
  • NAS100 = down 4.7%
  • Bitcoin = down 11.7%
  • Ethereum = down 16.4%

 

On the flip side, “safe havens” are climbing.

NOTE: Safe havens are assets that help protect investors’ wealth during times of heightened fear and uncertainty, as we’re seeing right now.

Typical safe havens are the Japanese Yen (USDJPY falling 3.1%) as well as the Swiss Franc (USDCHF falling 1.2%).

No surprise that both these safe haven currencies are stronger against all of their G10 peers today.

Safe haven Yen stronger against G10 peers

 

Safe havenCHF stronger against G10 peers

 

 

Back to “risk assets” …

How long will the selloff last?

Unfortunately, there’s no definite answer.

Even as “fear begets fear”, there are signs that point to prices reacting either way: a rebound, or further declines.

 

  • Potential rebound?

Focusing on the NAS100 index, traders may draw clues from these technical events:

  • 14-day relative strength index (RSI): the past 2 instances when this indicator reached the 30 level (which is the textbook threshold for “oversold” conditions), the NAS100 went on to stage a stunning rebound.
  • 200-day simple moving average (SMA): the past 2 instances when prices reach this technical indicator, in March and October 2023, prices then duly soared.

If recent history is to be the guide, and such technical signals prove true once more, that should set the stage for a recovery for the NAS100 stock index, and potentially broader US stock markets as well.

 

 

  • Further declines?

However, the fundamental picture is different this time around, compared to the last time we saw the above-listed technical events.

As mentioned earlier, the US unemployment rate at 4.3% is at its highest since 2021.

The risks of a US recession loom larger, compared to during the 2023 selloff across US stock markets.

If the US economic outlook turns darker, and markets believe that the Fed is unable to fend off a recession, that could heap more downward pressure on the NAS100.

If so, the NAS100 index could be dragged down to the psychological 17,000 mark over the near term.

NAS100 falls amid US recession fears

 


Forex-Time-LogoArticle by ForexTime

ForexTime Ltd (FXTM) is an award winning international online forex broker regulated by CySEC 185/12 www.forextime.com

Understanding ‘underconsumption core’: How a new trend is challenging consumer culture

By Omar H. Fares, Toronto Metropolitan University and Seung Hwan (Mark) Lee, Toronto Metropolitan University 

A new TikTok trend called “underconsumption core” is gaining traction online. This trend champions minimalism and frugality, and encourages people to maximize the utility of their purchases and buy only what they truly need, challenging the culture of consumerism.

Instead of showcasing large hauls of clothing, makeup or over-flowing fridge shelves, users are posting videos showing thrift store purchases, modest wardrobes and practical, well-used everyday items.

The rise of this trend can be linked to several challenges facing young people today, including increasing economic pressures, environmental concerns and social pressures, all of which are particularly affecting Gen Z and younger Millennials. If you’re also feeling financially squeezed, this trend might resonate with you.

Similar to the deinfluencing trend, underconsumption also appears to be a reaction to overconsumption — especially the way influencers have normalized it by posting haul videos. By promoting underconsumption, online users are rejecting and pushing back against this aspect of “influencer culture.”

Born of necessity

Young people are likely engaging with it as a way to adapt to increasing financial pressures.

For instance, the average federal student loan debt balance in the United States is US$37,574 per borrower, according to the Education Data Initiative. Student debt is a significant financial burden that often forces young adults to prioritize debt repayment over discretionary spending.

Inflation is also continuing to erode Gen Z’s purchasing power. While there are signs of economic relief, such as interest rate cuts in Canada, the cumulative effects of high prices continue to strain young peoples’ budgets.

Underconsumption core represents a growing awareness and adaptation to these economic realities, but it’s not the only reason. Another driver of the underconsumption trend appears to be environmental consciousness.

Environmental concerns

Mass consumerism has created significant environmental problems, including the generation of vast amounts of waste. In Chile’s Atacama Desert, an estimated 11,000 to 59,000 tons of used clothing is sitting in a landfill. This is just one example of how overconsumption is polluting the environment.

A report from ThredUp, an online vintage-resale platform, found that 65 per cent of Gen Z respondents wanted to shop more sustainably. However, one-third felt “addicted to fast fashion,” and 72 per cent said they shopped for fast fashion in 2022. Similarly, researchers from Sheffield Hallam University found 90 per cent of university students bought fast fashion in 2022.

Despite this, many of these same consumers are concerned with sustainability and are actively seeking ways to be more responsible. Our recent study found a consistent shift in consumer attitudes towards sustainability practices, especially in fashion. This is particularly the case with Gen Z, who rely heavily on social media for shopping inspiration.

As younger consumers become more aware of the environmental impact of their purchasing decisions, they are increasingly drawn to sustainable fashion content.

This shift in consumer mentality aligns with the broader cultural phenomenon known as the “Marie Kondo effect,” named after the Japanese organizing consultant. She is an advocate for only keeping things that bring one value and joy. Kondo’s influence has sparked a growing interest in intentional consumption.

However, it is important to note that, in some instances, sustainable consumption behaviours may be driven more by selfish motives than purely altruistic ones. By choosing to consume less or more mindfully, younger individuals can project an image of thoughtfulness, responsibility and uniqueness — qualities that are increasingly valued in the social media landscape.

How to be a healthier consumer

If you are interested in practising healthier consumption habits, it’s important to understand how you can sustain this lifestyle long-term. There are two main strategies you can use to do this.

First, find a way to strike a balance between frugality and quality of life to maintain your overall well-being. Research suggests a mix of experiential spending (such as travel) and material purchases (such as a new smartphone) can lead to greater happiness and satisfaction.

Don’t completely abandon material purchases in favour of experiences. Instead, a thoughtful approach that includes both types of spending, albeit at a reduced overall level, will likely lead to better outcomes. This approach focuses more on mindful consumption, rather than blanket restrictions.

Second, try to focus on improving your financial literacy. Start by creating a budget that ensures basic needs and baseline expenses are met. Seek to understand the types of financial products and solutions that fit your particular needs. This will help you avoid overconsumption and make choices that support long-term financial stability.

Those with higher financial literacy are better equipped to select products that align with their needs and values, rather than falling prey to aggressive marketing or unnecessary features that can lead to overconsumption. For instance, young consumers are likely to spend more on credit cards that offer attractive rewards leading to overconsumption and strained budgets over the long-term.

While the underconsumption trend offers potential benefits, it’s important to approach it in a balanced way. While combining healthy spending habits with financial literacy is key, it shouldn’t be about deprivation. Instead, you should make informed choices that align with your personal values and goals. Done right, underconsumption can lead to financial stability and a more purposeful lifestyle.The Conversation

About the Author:

Omar H. Fares, Lecturer in the Ted Rogers School of Retail Management, Toronto Metropolitan University and Seung Hwan (Mark) Lee, Professor and Associate Dean of Engagement & Inclusion, Ted Rogers School of Management, Toronto Metropolitan University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Stock indices sold off on concerns that the Fed is behind on rate cuts.

By JustMarkets

On Thursday, US indices were declining, with the Dow Jones (US30) Index down 1.21% and the S&P 500 (US500) Index down 1.37%. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed negative 2.30%. Weaker-than-expected US economic news caused a liquidation of equity positions due to concerns that the Fed is behind schedule and waiting too long to cut interest rates. US weekly initial jobless claims rose by 14,000 to a near 1-year high of 249,000, indicating a weaker labor market than expected at 236,000. The US ISM Manufacturing Index for July unexpectedly fell by 1.7 to 46.88, weaker than expectations of a rise to 48.8 and the sharpest contraction in 8 months. US construction spending in June unexpectedly declined by 0.3% m/m, weaker than expectations for a 0.2% m/m increase.

Moderna (MRNA) is down more than 21% and topped the list of losers in the S&P 500 and Nasdaq 100 after cutting its full-year revenue guidance to $3.0–3.5 billion from the previous estimate of $4 billion, which was weaker than the consensus prognoses of $4.14 billion. Etsy (ETSY) closed down more than 7% after reporting second-quarter earnings per share of 41 cents, weaker than the consensus expectation of 45 cents, and estimating a third-quarter adjusted EPS margin of 27%, weaker than the consensus estimate of 28.9%. Meta Platforms (META) is up more than 4% and topped the Nasdaq 100 after reporting second-quarter revenue of $39.07 billion, beating the consensus estimate of $38.34 billion. Amazon (AMZN) shares fell nearly 8% after the company said in a report that online sales growth slowed in the second quarter and noted that consumers are looking for cheaper shopping options. Intel (INTC) said Thursday it will cut more than 15% of its workforce (about 17,500) and suspend its dividend starting in the fourth quarter as the chipmaker seeks to turn things around by focusing on its loss-making manufacturing business. Intel’s shares fell by 20% in extended trading, leaving the chipmaker poised to lose more than $24 billion in market value. About a third of the companies in the S&P 500 have already reported. Most of the companies that reported beat consensus earnings estimates, but only 43% beat revenue expectations, the lowest in five years.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly falling yesterday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) decreased by 2.30%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed down 2.14%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) lost 1.90%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed negative 1.01%.

Thursday’s economic news showed that the Eurozone unemployment rate for June unexpectedly rose, pointing to labor market weakness that is dovish for ECB policy. The Eurozone unemployment rate for June unexpectedly rose by 0.1 to 6.5%, indicating a weaker labor market compared to expectations of no change at 6.4%. The S&P Eurozone Manufacturing PMI for July from S&P was revised upward by 0.2 to 45.8 from the previously reported 45.6. ECB Governing Council spokesman Stournaras said yesterday that he still expects two more ECB rate cuts this year if disinflation continues. In addition, economic growth has been weaker than expected, which also supports lower interest rates.

Switzerland’s annualized inflation rate for July 2024 was 1.3%, unchanged from the previous month and in line with market expectations. The core rate, which excludes volatile items such as unprocessed food and energy, was unchanged at an annualized rate of 1.1% in July.

The US natural gas prices (XNGUSD) surpassed the $2.05 per MMBtu mark, weakly holding the week’s gains amid supply risks and expectations of higher demand. The latest data from the EIA showed that US utilities added 18 billion cubic feet of gas in the week ended July 26, half as much as financial markets had expected. That added to fears of declining US supply after reports that Freeport LNG, the second-largest US export facility, produces more than 2 billion cubic feet of gas daily and is on track to return to full production.

Asian markets were predominantly down yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) was down 2.49%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) lost 0.71%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) decreased by 0.23%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was positive 0.28%.

The Australian dollar fell to its lowest level in three months as risk sentiment declined after weak US economic data added to recession fears. Markets feared that an expected interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve may come too late to stave off a recession. Domestically, the Australian dollar also came under pressure from softer-than-expected second-quarter inflation data, which reduced the chances of another rate hike by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) this month.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,446.68 −75.62 (−1.37%)

Dow Jones (US30) 40,347.97 −494.82 (−1.21%)

DAX (DE40) 18,083.05 −425.60 (−2.30%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,283.36 −84.62 (−1.01%)

USD Index 104.34 +0.58 (+0.57%)

Important events today:
  • – Switzerland Consumer Price Index (m/m) at 09:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Switzerland Manufacturing PMI (m/m) at 10:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US Nonfarm Payrolls (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US Unemployment Rate (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.