Archive for Economics & Fundamentals – Page 63

Silver prices fell to a 6-week low. Japanese authorities may intervene again to support the yen exchange rate

By JustMarkets

On Wednesday, the US stock indices ended trading in a mixed direction. At the end of the day, the Dow Jones Index (US30) rose by 0.04%, and the S&P 500 Index (US500) added 0.16%. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed positive 0.49%. Stock gains on Wednesday were capped by a rise in bond yields after hawkish comments from Fed spokesman Bowman lifted 10-year bond yields to a weekly high and dampened expectations of a Fed rate cut this year.

FedEx (FDX) is up more than 15% after reporting better-than-expected Q4 adjusted EPS and estimating 2025 adjusted EPS above consensus. Additionally, Amazon (AMZN) is up more than 3% after announcing plans to launch an online store for low-priced clothing and home goods. Apple (AAPL) shares are up more than 1% after Rosenblatt Securities upgraded the stock to “buy” from “neutral” with a $260 price target. Moderna (MRNA) is down more than 10% and topped the list of losers in the S&P 500 and Nasdaq 100 after new data showed that the efficacy of its RSV vaccine fell sharply in its second year and was lower than competing vaccines.

Markets are awaiting Friday’s release of PCE deflator data for May, the Fed’s preferred inflation gauge, to see if price pressures are easing, which could pave the way for the Fed to cut interest rates. The consensus is that the May core PCE deflator fell to 2.6% y/y from 2.8% y/y in April. If the actual data comes in line with the estimate, it will have a negative impact on the US dollar but will be positive for rising stock indices.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly down on Wednesday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) fell by 0.12%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed down 0.69%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) lost 0.80%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed negative 0.27%. European equity markets opened lower on Thursday as investors became more cautious and reassessed the outlook for the global economy, inflation, and interest rates. In Europe today, traders will analyze consumer and business confidence data in Italy, retail sales data in Spain, and the Bank of England’s latest financial stability report. On Thursday, the EU leaders’ summit will start in Belgium.

WTI crude prices fell to around $80.5 a barrel on Thursday, retreating further from a near two-month high. An unexpected increase in US oil inventories added to concerns about weakening demand in the world’s top oil consumer. EIA data showed that the US crude inventories rose by 3.591 million barrels last week, defying market expectations of a 3 million barrel decline.

Silver prices (XAG/USD) held below $29 an ounce, near a six-week low, and were pressured by a strong dollar and Treasury bond yields after hawkish remarks from a Federal Reserve official. Meanwhile, investors continued to assess the outlook for silver demand in China, a major consumer, as industrial use of the metal is likely to suffer due to overcapacity in solar panel production.

Asian markets were predominantly up yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) rose by 1.26%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) added 0.09%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) gained 0.09%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was negative 0.71%.

Japan’s 10-year government bond yield rose to 1.1%, the highest in almost a month, while the 2-year bond yield hit a two-week high near 0.35% amid strong retail sales data and a sharply weaker yen, raising bets that the Bank of Japan (BoJ) may raise interest rates at its July meeting. The data showed that retail sales in Japan rose 3% in May from a year earlier, accelerating from an upwardly revised 2.4% increase in April and well above market expectations for a 2% rise. Meanwhile, the yen fell to 160 per dollar, hitting its lowest level since 1986.

Australia’s 10-year government bond yield climbed above 4.4% to a more than three-week high as high inflation readings heightened fears that the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) may raise interest rates again as early as its next meeting in August.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,477.90 +8.60 (+0.16%)

Dow Jones (US30) 39,127.80 +15.64 (+0.040%)

DAX (DE40) 18,155.24 −22.38 (−0.12%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,225.33 −22.46 (−0.27%)

USD Index 106.05 +0.44 (+0.41%)

Important events today:
  • – Japan Retail Sales (m/m) at 02:50 (GMT+3);
  • – UK BoE Financial Stability Report at 12:00 (GMT+3);
  • – UK BoE Gov Bailey Speaks at 12:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US Initial Jobless Claims (w/w) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US Durable Goods Orders (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US GDP (q/q) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US Pending Home Sales (m/m) at 17:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Natural Gas Storage (w/w) at 17:30 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

RBA may raise rates amid price hikes. BoC is likely to postpone rate cuts amid inflationary pressures

By JustMarkets

The US stock indices ended trading mixed on Tuesday. At the end of Tuesday, the Dow Jones Index (US30) was down 0.76%, while the S&P 500 Index (US500) added 0.39%. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed positive 1.26%. The broader market held its ground after the US Consumer Confidence Index for June came in stronger than expected.

The Conference Board’s US Consumer Confidence Index for June fell by 0.9 to 100.4, slightly stronger than expectations of 100.0. The S&P CoreLogic Composite-20 Home Price Index in the US for April fell to 7.20% y/y from 7.46% y/y in March, stronger than expectations of 7.00% y/y. The Richmond Fed survey of business activity in the US manufacturing sector for June declined to negative 10 from 0, weaker than expectations of 3. The Chicago Fed National Activity Index for June unexpectedly rose by 0.44 to 0.18, stronger than expectations of a decline to 0.25.

On Tuesday, Fed spokeswoman Bowman’s hawkish comments proved bearish for stocks when she said she sees several upside risks to the inflation outlook and “we are still not at a point where it is appropriate to lower the discount rate.” She added that she “does not see the Fed cutting the Funds rate this year and has pushed back her estimate for a rate cut to 2025.” Fed spokeswoman Cook said it would be appropriate for the Fed to cut interest rates “at some point,” but “the timing of any such adjustment will depend on how economic data evolve and what they mean for the economic outlook and balance of risks.” Markets estimate the odds of a 25 bps rate cut at 10% at the July 30–31 FOMC meeting and 65% at the September 17–18 meeting.

Canada’s annual inflation rate for May 2024 rose to 2.9% from a three-year low of 2.7% in the previous month, contradicting market expectations of a slowdown to 2.6%. Although inflation is expected to remain near the 3% mark in the first half of the year, the halt in the disinflationary trend belied earlier bets that the Central Bank (BoC) would continue to ease monetary policy. The Canadian dollar strengthened to 1.365 per dollar, the strongest level since the beginning of the month.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly down on Tuesday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) fell by 0.81%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed down 0.58%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) lost 0.48%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed negative 0.41%.

European equity markets opened higher on Wednesday, building on strong gains on Wall Street. However, investors remained cautious ahead of Friday’s US PCE inflation data, which could affect the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy outlook. The GfK consumer climate indicator for Germany fell to 21.8 in July 2024 from a marginally revised 21.0 in the previous period, missing market estimates of 18.9 and marking the first decline in five months. The interruption of the recent upward trend in consumer sentiment shows that recovery from the consumer downturn will be difficult. A sustained recovery in consumer sentiment requires a slowdown in inflation.

WTI crude futures climbed above $81 a barrel on Wednesday, recovering some of the previous session’s losses, even after industry data pointed to an unexpected rise in US crude inventories, adding to fears of weaker demand in the world’s top oil consumer. API data showed that US crude inventories rose by 0.914 million barrels last week, contradicting market expectations of a 3 million barrel decline. Official data from the US EIA will be released today.

Asian markets were predominantly up yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) rose by 0.95%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) was down 0.15%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) added 0.25% and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was positive 1.36%.

The offshore yuan depreciated to 7.29 per dollar, hitting its lowest level in seven months, mainly due to weak Central Bank guidance and a stronger US dollar. The People’s Bank of China (PBoC) set the average rate at 7.1248 per dollar, the lowest since November, suggesting the central bank may be allowing the yuan to weaken gradually.

The Australian dollar rose to $0.667, hitting a two-week high after better-than-expected domestic inflation data bolstered bets that the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) may raise interest rates again after a hawkish pause in June. Australia’s monthly Consumer Price Index rose to 4% in May, accelerating from 3.6% in April and beating market expectations of 3.8%. The latest figure was also the highest since November last year.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,469.30 +21.43 (+0.39%)

Dow Jones (US30) 39,112.16 −299.05 (−0.76%)

DAX (DE40) 18,177.62 −147.96 (−0.81%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,247.79 −33.76 (−0.41%)

USD Index 105.62 +0.15 (+0.14%)

Important events today:
  • – Australia Consumer Price Index (m/m) at 04:30 (GMT+3);
  • – German GfK Consumer Climate (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Building Permits (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US New Home Sales (m/m) at 17:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Crude Oil Reserves (w/w) at 17:30 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

RBA and RBNZ have no plans to cut rates this year. Oil is trading at a 2-month high

By JustMarkets

On Monday, the Dow Jones (US30) Index added 0.67% and rose to a one-month high, while the S&P 500 (US500) Index fell by 0.31%. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed negative 1.09% and fell to a one-week low. Weakness in technology stocks on Monday weighed on the Nasdaq 100 and the overall market after Truist Advisory Services downgraded the technology sector to Neutral from Elevated, citing valuation issues.

The Dallas Fed’s survey of the US manufacturing outlook for June rose 4.3 to negative 15.1, slightly weaker than expectations of 15.0. Comments from FOMC officials were mixed yesterday. Chicago Fed President Goolsbee said that the Fed may need to consider whether restrictive policies are putting too much pressure on the economy. San Francisco Fed President Daly said that if inflation falls more slowly than expected, it would be appropriate for the Fed to keep interest rates high for longer, but if inflation falls quickly or the labor market cools more than expected, it would be necessary to cut rates. Markets estimate the odds of a 25bp rate cut at 10% at the July 30–31 FOMC meeting and 65% at the next meeting on September 17–18.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly up on Monday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose by 0.89%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed up 1.03%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) added 1.27%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed positive 0.53%. European equity markets opened lower on Tuesday as cautious sentiment prevailed ahead of key US inflation data, the first presidential debate between Joe Biden and Donald Trump this week, and the French elections that begin this weekend.

Germany’s IFO Business Climate Index for June unexpectedly fell by 0.7 to 88.6 against expectations of a rise to 89.6. ECB executive board spokeswoman Schnabel said yesterday that the risk of new inflation spikes means the ECB is not committing to a fixed rate and remains data-dependent. Swaps discount the odds of an ECB rate cut by 25 bps at 5% for the July 18 meeting and 66% for the September 12 meeting.

WTI crude oil prices held just below $82 a barrel on Tuesday, at their highest levels in nearly two months, as geopolitical risks in Eastern Europe and the Middle East continue to support oil prices. The EU also imposed sanctions on more than two dozen ships carrying Russian oil and banned the transshipment of Russian liquefied natural gas (LNG) into the EU for shipment to other countries. In the Middle East, the war between Israel and Hamas showed no signs of abating as international mediation backed by the US has so far failed to reach a ceasefire agreement.

Asian markets were predominantly rising yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) was up 0.54% for the week, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) added 0.30%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) was unchanged for the day, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was negative 0.80%. Hong Kong stocks were up 135 points in Tuesday morning trading. The mood was buoyed after Chinese President Xi Jinping urged the country to boost innovation, particularly in some key technologies. Meanwhile, state media outlet Global Times reported that Beijing wants the EU to drop plans to impose preliminary tariffs on Chinese electric cars after the two sides agreed to discuss a possible compromise.

The Bank of Japan (BoJ) released a summary of opinions from its June meeting, showing that members were divided on how to proceed with the next interest rate hike. One member called for an early decision due to upside risks to inflation, while others urged caution and demanded more confirmation from upcoming data. Chief currency diplomat Masato Kanda said Japan is ready to take action against volatile yen movements at “any time,” emphasizing that currency movements should be stable and reflect fundamentals.

Malaysia’s annual inflation rate rose to 2.0% in May 2024 from 1.8% in the previous three months, exceeding market estimates of 1.9% and marking the highest level since August 2023.

The Australian dollar climbed above $0.666, hitting two-week highs and receiving support from a hawkish monetary policy outlook from the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA), which is expected to cut interest rates much later than other major central banks. Markets have all but ruled out the possibility of an RBA rate cut this year and expect total easing to be just 43 basis points by the end of 2025.

The Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) predicted at its last meeting in May that it would not start cutting rates until the third quarter of 2025. However, investors have fully factored in the rate cut in November, and more than 130 basis points of easing are expected by the end of 2025.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,447.87 −16.75 (−0.31%)

Dow Jones (US30) 39,411.21 +260.88 (+0.67%)

DAX (DE40) 18,325.58 +162.06 (+0.89%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,281.55 +43.83 (+0.53%)

USD Index 105.49 −0.31 (−0.29%)

Important events today:
  • – Canada Consumer Price Index (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US CB Consumer Confidence (m/m) at 17:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US FOMC Cook Speaks at 19:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US FOMC Bowman Speaks at 21:10 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

Commodity markets are under pressure from the US dollar growth. New geopolitical risks in the Middle East are on the agenda

By JustMarkets

At the end of Friday, the Dow Jones (US30) Index added 0.04% (+1.61% for the week), while the S&P 500 (US500) Index fell 0.16% (+0.75% for the week). The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed negative 0.18% (for the week +0.39%). Weakness in chip company stocks pressured the broader market on Friday, even as S&P US PMI reports showed that the US economy continues to grow. The S&P US Manufacturing PMI for June unexpectedly rose 0.4 to 51.7, stronger than expectations of a decline to 51.0. In addition, the S&P Services PMI for June unexpectedly rose 0.3 to a two-year high of 55.1, stronger than expectations for a decline to 54.0. Stocks also declined as the quarterly expiration of options and futures occurred on Friday, prompting traders to roll over existing positions or open new ones. About $5.5 trillion of positions expired on Friday, according to options platform SpotGamma.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly down on Friday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) was down 0.50% (for the week +0.86%), France’s CAC 40 (FR40) decreased by 0.56% (for the week +1.19%), Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) lost 1.15% (for the week -0.03%), and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed negative 0.42% (for the week +1.12%). The S&P Eurozone Manufacturing PMI for June unexpectedly fell by 1.7 to a 6-month low of 45.6, weaker than expectations of a rise to 47.9. The S&P Composite PMI for June unexpectedly fell by 1.4 to 50.8, weaker than expectations for a rise to 52.5.

Friday’s dollar strength pressured commodity markets. WTI crude oil fell below $81 per barrel. Nevertheless, the market remains supported by geopolitical risks in the Middle East as Israeli forces moved further into the Gaza Strip and Yemeni Houthis carried out another attack on a ship in the Arabian Sea on June 24. Meanwhile, Israel and Lebanon’s Hezbollah stand on the brink of a new conflict. Ecuador’s state oil company, Petroecuador, also declared force majeure on some Napo heavy oil shipments due to the shutdown of a major pipeline and oil wells amid heavy rains. In addition, recent data points to a decline in US crude oil inventories amid a rebound in energy consumption.

Asian markets were predominantly up last week. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) gained 0.40%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) fell by 1.22%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) gained 1.01%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was positive 0.93%. Asian stock markets opened lower on Monday, reeling from weakness on Wall Street, as shares of Nvidia and other artificial intelligence chip makers saw heavy selling after strong gains.

Singapore’s annual inflation rate for May 2024 rose to 3.1%, exceeding market forecasts of 3.0% and accelerating from April’s 2-year low of 2.7%. The annualized core inflation rate unexpectedly came in at 3.1%, the same as in the previous two months, beating the consensus forecast of 3.0%. Monthly, CPI rose by 0.7%, the highest since February, after rising 0.1% in April.

The Australian dollar weakened below $0.665, extending recent losses as the US dollar rose on strong US business activity data that dampened expectations of an interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve. Investors are also cautiously awaiting Australian inflation data this week after the country’s central bank said it discussed the need for a rate hike at its June meeting and did not consider the case for a rate cut.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,464.62 −8.55 (−0.16%)

Dow Jones (US30) 39,150.33 +15.57 (+0.04%)

DAX (DE40) 18,163.52 −90.66 (−0.50%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,237.72 −34.74 (−0.42%)

USD Index 105.83 +0.24 (+0.23%)

Important events today:
  • – New Zealand Trade Balance (q/q) at 01:45 (GMT+3);
  • – Singapore Consumer Price Index (m/m) at 08:00 (GMT+3);
  • – German Ifo Business Climate (m/m) at 11:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Canada BoC Gov Macklem Speaks at 20:45 (GMT+3);
  • – US FOMC Member Daly at 21:00 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

DELL and NVDA are jointly building an artificial intelligence factory. SNB cuts rate for the second time in a row

By JustMarkets

At the end of yesterday, the Dow Jones (US30) Index was up 0.77%, while the S&P 500 (US500) Index decreased by 0.25%. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed negative 0.79%. Stocks initially went up on Thursday, with the S&P 500 and Nasdaq 100 setting new record highs amid gains in chipmaker stocks. Chipmakers initially rose Thursday after Dell Technologies (DELL) CEO tweeted that his company is building an artificial intelligence factory with Nvidia (NVDA) to power Elon Musk’s xAI’s Grok supercomputer. However, a 5% drop in Qualcomm (QCOM) shares triggered a prolonged liquidation in chip stocks, negatively impacting the broader market.

Minneapolis Fed President Kashkari said it will probably take a year or two for the US to return to an inflation rate of 2%, suggesting he favors keeping interest rates on hold for longer. Weekly US initial jobless claims fell by 5,000 to 238,000, indicating a weaker labor market than expected at 235,000. US housing starts in May unexpectedly fell by 5.5% m/m to a 4-year low of 1.277 million, weaker than expectations for a rise to 1.370 million. May building permits, an indicator of future construction, unexpectedly fell by -3.8% m/m to a nearly 4-year low of 1.386 million, weaker than expectations for a rise to 1.450 million. Markets estimate the odds of a 25 bps rate cut at 10% at the next FOMC meeting on July 30-31 and 60% at the next meeting on September 17-18.

Equity markets in Europe mostly went up yesterday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose 1.03%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed 1.34% higher, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) added 0.94%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed positive 0.82%.

Eurozone new car registrations for May fell 3.0% y/y to 912,000. Eurozone Consumer Confidence for June rose by 0.3 to a 2-1/3 year high of 14.0, weaker than expectations of 13.8. May German PPI was unchanged m/m and fell by 2.2% y/y, weaker than expectations of 0.1% m/m and 2.0% y/y.

As expected, the Bank of England (BoE) left the bank rate unchanged at 5.25% on Thursday, with seven officials voting to keep the rate unchanged and two voting to cut it. The BoE said the decision not to cut rates was “finely balanced,” suggesting policymakers may be open to a rate cut in the coming months. UK retail sales rose by 2.9% month-on-month in May 2024, recovering from an upwardly revised 1.8% decline in April and well above forecasts for a 1.5% rise. That’s the biggest increase in four months.

The Swiss franc weakened by nearly 0.5% to nearly 0.89 per US dollar after the Swiss National Bank (SNB) cut its key interest rate by 25 bps to 1.25% for the second consecutive meeting. Policymakers noted a reduction in underlying inflationary pressures to keep monetary conditions accommodative. Swiss inflation was 1.4% in May.

WTI crude oil prices held above $81 a barrel on Friday and rose more than 3% for the week, posting a second consecutive weekly gain as lower US crude inventories and escalating conflict in the Middle East boosted oil prices. Data released on Thursday showed US crude inventories fell by 2.547 million barrels last week, beating forecasts for a 2 million barrel decline.

Asian markets traded flat yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) gained 0.16%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) was down 0.26%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) lost 0.52% on Thursday, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was little changed for the day. In China, local indices continue to decline for the sixth consecutive week as an uneven economic recovery and a lack of strong political support dampen investor sentiment. Earlier this week, the People’s Bank of China (PBoC) left key lending rates unchanged despite market pressure for further policy easing.

Japan’s core consumer price index, which excludes fresh food but includes fuel costs, rose by 2.5% year-on-year in May 2024, up from April’s 3-month low of 2.2% and marking the first increase since February amid a surge in energy prices, particularly electricity, as the government scrapped subsidies altogether. Meanwhile, the US Treasury Department added Japan to a list of countries monitored as currency manipulators.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,473.17 −13.86 (−0.25%)

Dow Jones (US30) 39,134.76 +299.90 (+0.77%)

DAX (DE40) 18,254.18 +186.27 (+1.03%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,272.46 +67.35 (+0.82%)

USD Index 105.65 +0.40 (+0.38%)

Important events today:
  • – Australia Manufacturing PMI (m/m) at 02:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Australia Services PMI (m/m) at 02:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Japan National Core Consumer Price Index at 02:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Japan Manufacturing PMI (m/m) at 03:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Japan Services PMI (m/m) at 03:30 (GMT+3);
  • – UK Retail Sales (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3);
  • – German Manufacturing PMI (m/m) at 10:30 (GMT+3);
  • – German Services PMI (m/m) at 10:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Eurozone Manufacturing PMI (m/m) at 11:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Eurozone Services PMI (m/m) at 11:00 (GMT+3);
  • – UK Manufacturing PMI (m/m) at 11:30 (GMT+3);
  • – UK Services PMI (m/m) at 11:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Canada Retail Sales (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US Manufacturing PMI (m/m) at 16:45 (GMT+3);
  • – US Services PMI (m/m) at 16:45 (GMT+3);
  • – US Existing Home Sales (m/m) at 17:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Natural Gas Storage (w/w) at 17:30 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

PBoC left interest rates unchanged. New Zealand has left the recession territory

By JustMarkets

At the end of the day yesterday, the Dow Jones Index (US30) gained 0.15%, and the S&P 500 Index (US500) gained 0.25%. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed positive 0.17%. Volatility on the indices was extremely low due to the bank holiday weekend in the US.

The Canadian dollar traded near 1.37 per US dollar, rebounding from a five-week low of 1.376 recorded on June 7, amid a weaker US dollar and increased foreign exchange inflows. The Canadian currency is also under pressure from rising debt levels and recent comments from Bank of Canada Governor Tiff Macklem about the possibility of further rate cuts, which could put further pressure on the loonie.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly down yesterday. The German DAX (DE40) decreased by 0.35%, the French CAC 40 (FR40) closed down 0.77%, the Spanish IBEX 35 (ES35) lost 0.10%, the British FTSE 100 (UK100) closed positive 0.17%.

In the Eurozone, market participants actively follow France’s political situation. Legislative elections are scheduled for June 30 and July 7, and the far-right Rassemblement National, which proposes measures such as cutting sales taxes and lowering the retirement age, is leading in the polls. As a result, France’s risk premium and bond yields rose sharply as investors began to worry about possible increases in government spending that could worsen France’s financial health. Meanwhile, Le Pen told Le Figaro that she is “respectful” of institutions and, if she wins, will not try to oust Macron in an attempt to appeal to moderates and investors.

Oil prices held near seven-week highs as geopolitical issues in the Middle East heightened supply concerns. Investors are cautiously awaiting today’s US oil inventories report from the Energy Information Administration, which has been postponed a day due to a national holiday.

Asian markets traded without a single dynamic yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) gained 0.23%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) declined 0.09%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) gained 2.87%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was negative 0.11%.

The New Zealand dollar rose against the US dollar thanks to stronger-than-expected first-quarter GDP data. New Zealand’s economy grew by 0.2% in the first quarter compared to 0% in the previous quarter, beating expectations. On an annualized basis, GDP increased by 0.3% in the first quarter, compared to a contraction of 0.2% in the previous quarter. The strengthening GDP growth suggests that New Zealand is out of recession. In addition, the weakening US dollar has also helped the kiwi strengthen as the recent weak US retail sales report has increased the likelihood that the Federal Reserve (Fed) will cut interest rates in the coming months.

The offshore yuan fell to 7.28 per dollar, hitting its lowest level in more than seven months, following the central bank’s decision to set a much weaker official discount rate. The People’s Bank of China set the average rate at 7.1192 per dollar, the weakest since November 2023 and the biggest one-day move since April 16. Meanwhile, earlier on Thursday, the People’s Bank of China (PBoC) left key lending rates unchanged at the June fixing, matching market expectations. The 1-year prime rate (LPR) was left at 3.45% and the 5-year LPR at 3.95% after a record 25 basis points cut in February. Both rates are at historic lows, reflecting the fragile economic recovery and reinforcing calls for additional support measures from Beijing.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,496.80 +1.13 (+0.02%)

Dow Jones (US30) 38,818.90 -55.0 (-0.14%)

DAX (DE40) 18,067.91 −64.06 (−0.35%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,205.11 +13.82 (+0.17%)

USD Index 105.24 −0.02 (−0.02%)

Important events today:
  • – New Zealand QDP (q/q) at 01:45 (GMT+3);
  • – China PBoC Loan Prime Rate (m/m) at 04:15 (GMT+3);
  • – German Producer Price Index (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Switzerland Trade Balance (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Switzerland SNB Interest Rate Decision at 10:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Switzerland SNB Monetary Policy Assessment at 10:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Switzerland SNB Press Conference at 11:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Norway NB Interest Rate Decision at 11:00 (GMT+3);
  • – UK BoE Interest Rate Decision at 14:00 (GMT+3);
  • – UK BoE MPC Meeting Minutes at 14:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US Initial Jobless Claims (w/w) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing Index (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US Crude Oil Reserves (w/w) at 18:00 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

The escalation of conflicts in different regions of the world supports oil prices

By JustMarkets

At the end of yesterday, the Dow Jones Index (US30) gained 0.15%, while the S&P 500 Index (US500) rose 0.25% to an all-time high. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed positive 0.03%. Strengthening chipmakers helped boost the overall market on Tuesday, led by a 3% gain in Nvidia (NVDA) shares after Rosenblatt Securities raised its price target on the stock.

The US economic news on Tuesday was mixed for stocks. May retail sales rose less than expected and raised concerns about consumer spending. However, a stronger-than-expected manufacturing output report for May eased concerns about a slowdown in consumer spending. Fed comments on Tuesday were mostly on the hawkish side, as policymakers said they would prefer to wait to cut interest rates.

According to Fitch Ratings’ latest estimate, global economic growth will strengthen this year and slow in 2025. The rating agency raised its prognosis for global GDP growth in 2024 to 2.6%, from its previous prediction of 2.4%. The revised outlook reflects Fitch’s increased confidence in European economic recovery prospects, strengthening domestic demand in emerging markets (excluding China).

Equity markets in Europe were mostly up on Tuesday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose by 0.35%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed 0.76% higher, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) jumped 0.99%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed positive 0.60%. The Eurozone’s annual inflation rate for May 2024 was 2.6%, up from 2.4% in April. A year earlier, the figure stood at 6.1%. The lowest annual rates were recorded in Latvia (0.0%), Finland (0.4%), and Italy (0.8%). The highest annual rates were recorded in Romania (5.8%), Belgium (4.9%) and Croatia (4.3%). Compared to April, annual inflation fell in eleven Member States, remained unchanged in two, and rose in fourteen.

WTI crude oil prices held near $81.5 a barrel on Wednesday, at their highest levels in seven weeks, as the escalating conflict in Eastern Europe and the Middle East renewed supply concerns. In Russia, a Ukrainian drone strike sparked a fire at an oil terminal at a major port, while a senior Israeli official warned of a looming “all-out war” with Lebanon’s Hezbollah. Oil prices were also supported by global demand growth estimates, with OPEC, the IEA, and the US EIA all predicting strong oil demand growth in the second half of this year.

Asian markets traded yesterday without any unified dynamics. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) gained 1.00%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) decreased by 0.09%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) was down 0.11%, while Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was positive 1.01%.

Hong Kong stocks rose in early trading on Wednesday, recovering from sluggish sessions in the previous two sessions as all sectors rose. The index approached its highest level in a fortnight as traders sought to take new positions following the Hong Kong government’s announcement that markets in the Asian financial center will remain open during typhoons and extreme weather conditions from September 23. Investors are also awaiting the People’s Bank of China’s lending rate decision on Thursday after the Central Bank decided earlier this week to leave the medium-term lending rate unchanged at 2.5%.

The Reserve Bank of Australia took a hawkish tone in a press conference after this week’s meeting, warning of upside risks to inflation. RBA Governor Michele Bullock also said the board discussed the need to raise the interest rate at its June meeting, while arguments for a rate cut were not considered. These comments came after the Central Bank left the money rate unchanged at 4.35% for the fifth consecutive meeting, as expected.

New Zealand’s inflation rate has slowed significantly recently. However, it remains above both pre-pandemic levels and the Monetary Policy Committee’s (MPC) target range of 1% to 3%. Compared to other countries, labor market shortages caused by the border closure have played an important role in driving up inflation in New Zealand. Recent research emphasizes that the emergence of spare capacity in the economy will lead to lower domestic inflation.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,487.03 +13.80 (+0.25%)

Dow Jones (US30) 38,834.86 +56.76 (+0.15%)

DAX (DE40) 18,131.97 +63.76 (+0.35%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,191.29 +49.14 (+0.60%)

USD Index 105.25 −0.07 (−0.06%)

Important events today:
  • – Japan BoJ Monetary Policy Meeting Minutes (m/m) at 02:50 (GMT+3);
  • – Japan Trade Balance (m/m) at 02:50 (GMT+3);
  • – UK Consumer Price Index (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3);
  • – UK Producer Price Index (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

The RBA kept interest rates on hold and remained hawkish. Oil rises as global demand outlook improves

By JustMarkets

At the end of yesterday, the Dow Jones Index (US30) added 0.49%, while the S&P 500 Index (US500) was up 0.77%. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed positive 0.95%. On Monday, the S&P 500 Index (US500) closed at a record high, ignoring rising Treasury yields, with technology stocks continuing to rise amid continued Fed speeches. Philadelphia Fed President Patrick Harker said on Monday that he expects only one rate cut if the economy performs as expected, as current rate levels are likely to keep inflation lower and prevent the risk of higher inflation. Markets rate the odds of a 25bp rate cut at 8% for the next FOMC meeting on 30–31 July and 59% for the 17–18 September meeting.

Also positive for US equities, Citigroup raised its outlook for US equities to “overweight” from “neutral.” It lowered its outlook for European equities to “neutral” from “overweight,” citing a “significantly greater pro-growth bias in the US compared to Europe.”

Moderna (MRNA) closed down over 1% on signs of insider selling after director Afeyan sold $2.21 million shares last Wednesday. Tesla (TSLA) closed higher by more than 5% after Bloomberg reported that the company received approval to test its advanced driver assistance system on streets in China.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly up on Monday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose by 0.37%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed higher by 0.91%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) fell by 0.30% and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed negative 0.06%. French political risks eased slightly with Marine Le Pen saying she would cooperate with French President Macron if she wins the upcoming French election.

WTI crude oil prices held above the $80 per barrel mark on Tuesday, having risen nearly 2% in the previous session, thanks to an improving global demand outlook and expectations that major oil producers will keep supply low. Recent market outlook reports from OPEC, the International Energy Agency, and the US Energy Information Administration pointed to strong growth in oil demand in the second half of this year. Oil prices also followed a broad rally in risk assets as easing inflationary pressures in major economies boosted hopes of interest rate cuts in the coming months.

Asian markets were predominantly falling yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) fell by 1.83%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) was down 0.17%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) lost 0.03%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was negative 0.31%.

The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) kept the cash rate at 4.35% at its June meeting, leaving borrowing costs unchanged for the fifth time. At the same time, the Central Bank again warned that inflation is still above the mid-point of the target range of 2–3% due to the continued high cost of services. The board is still not ruling anything out and will rely on incoming data. At the same time, there have been signs of softening economic activity, as evidenced by slowing GDP growth, rising joblessness, and slower-than-expected wage growth.

Bank of Japan Governor Kazuo Ueda told the Japanese Parliament that he may raise interest rates again at the July meeting depending on upcoming economic data. He also noted that rising import costs caused by a weak yen could hurt household spending but added that rising wages could boost consumption. This could be the foundation for a trend reversal in the yen.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,473.23 +41.63 (+0.77%)

Dow Jones (US30) 38,778.10 +188.94 (+0.49%)

DAX (DE40) 18,068.21 +66.19 (+0.37%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,142.15 −4.71 (−0.06%)

USD Index 105.34 −0.21 (−0.2%)

Important events today:
  • – Australia RBA Interest Rate Decision at 07:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Australia RBA Rate Statement at 07:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Australia RBA Press Conference at 08:30 (GMT+3);
  • – German ZEW Economic Sentiment (m/m) at 12:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Eurozone ZEW Economic Sentiment (m/m) at 12:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Eurozone Consumer Price Index (m/m) at 12:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Retail Sales (m/m) at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US Industrial Production (m/m) at 16:15 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

Central banks face threats to their independence – and that isn’t good news for sound economic stewardship (or battling inflation)

By Cristina Bodea, Michigan State University and Ana Carolina Garriga, University of Essex 

Nearly every country in the world has a central bank – a public institution that manages a country’s currency and its monetary policy. And these banks have an extraordinary amount of power. By controlling the flow of money and credit in a country, they can affect economic growth, inflation, employment and financial stability – all things that can, if played right, provide politicians with economic boosts around election time, only to saddle the economy with problems further down the line.

That is why, recently, central banks across the globe received significant leeway to set interest rates independently and free from the electoral wishes of politicians.

In fact, monetary policymaking that is data-driven and technocratic – rather than politically motivated – has since the early 1990s been seen as the gold standard of governance of national finances. By and large, this arrangement – in which central bankers keep politicians at arm’s length – has achieved its main purpose: Inflation has been relatively low and stable in countries with independent central banks, such as Switzerland or Sweden – certainly until the pandemic and war in Europe began pushing up prices globally.

In comparison, countries such as Lebanon or Egypt, where independence was never extended, or Argentina and Turkey, where it has been curtailed, have experienced more bouts of high inflation.

But despite independence being seen to work, central banks over the past decade have come under increased pressure from politicians. They hope to keep interest rates low and reap voter gratitude for a humming economy and cheap loans.

Donald Trump is one recent example. While president, Trump criticized his own choice to head the U.S. Federal Reserve and demanded lower interest rates. Now, should Trump return to the White House, some of his allies have drawn up plans that would see a reelected Trump sitting in the Fed’s interest rate-setting meetings or, at the very least, replace current Fed Chair Jerome Powell.

Similarly, the Bank of England’s independence has been formally put under review. The British government has also publicly pressured the Bank of England to cut interest rates, presumably to bolster the economy in advance of July’s general election.

As political economists, we are not surprised to see politicians try to exert influence on central banks. Monetary policy, even with independence, has always been political. For one thing, central banks remain part of the government bureaucracy, and independence granted to them can always be reversed – either by changing laws or backtracking on established practices.

Moreover, the reason politicians – especially those facing an election – may want to interfere in monetary policy is that low interest rates remain a potent, quick method to boost an economy. And while politicians know that there are costs to besieging an independent central bank – financial markets may react negatively, or inflation may flare up – short-term control of a powerful policy tool can prove irresistible.

Legislating independence

If monetary policy is such a coveted policy tool, how have central banks held off politicians and stayed independent? And is this independence being eroded?

Broadly, central banks are protected by laws that offer long tenures to their leadership, allow them to focus policy primarily on inflation, and severely limit lending to the rest of the government.

Of course, such legislation cannot anticipate all future contingencies, which may open the door for political interference or for practices that break the law. And sometimes central bankers are unceremoniously fired.

However, laws do keep politicians in line. For example, even in authoritarian countries, laws protecting central banks from political interference have helped reduce inflation and restricted central bank lending to the government.

In our own research, we have detailed the ways that laws have insulated central banks from the rest of the government, but also the recent trend of eroding this legal independence.

Politicizing appointees

Around the world, appointments to central bank leadership are political – elected politicians select candidates based on career credentials, political affiliation and, importantly, their dislike or tolerance of inflation.

But lawmakers in different countries exercise different degrees of political control.

A 2023 study shows that the large majority of central bank leaders – about 70% – are appointed by the head of government alone or with the intervention of other members of the executive branch. This ensures that the preferences of the central bank are closer to the government’s, which can boost the central bank’s legitimacy in democratic countries, but at the risk of permeability to political influence.

Alternatively, appointments can involve the legislative power or even the central bank’s own board. In the U.S., while the president nominates members of the Federal Reserve Board, the Senate can and has rejected unconventional or incompetent candidates.

Moreover, even if appointments are political, many central bankers stay in office long after the people who appointed them have been voted out. By the end of 2023, the most common length of the governors’ appointment is five years, and in 41 countries the legal mandate was six years or longer.

In the 2000s, several countries shortened the tenure of their central banks’ governors to four or five years. Sometimes, this was part of broader restrictions in central bank independence, as was the case in Iceland in 2001, Ghana in 2002 and Romania in 2004.

The low inflation objective

As of 2023, all but six central banks globally had low inflation as their main goal. Yet many central banks are required by law to try to achieve additional and sometimes conflicting goals, such as financial stability, full employment or support for the government’s policies.

This is the case for 38 central banks that either have the explicit dual mandate of price stability and employment or more complex goals. In Argentina, for example, the central bank’s mandate is to provide “employment and economic development with social equity.”

Conflicting objectives can open central banks to politicization. In the U.S., the Federal Reserve has a dual mandate of stable prices and maximum sustainable employment. These goals are often complementary, and economists have argued that low inflation is a prerequisite for sustainable high levels of employment.

But in times of overlapping high inflation and high unemployment, like in the late 1970s or when the COVID-19 crisis was winding down in 2022, the Fed’s dual mandate has become active territory for political wrangling.

Since 2000, at least 23 countries have expanded the focus of their central banks beyond just inflation.

Limits on government lending

The first central banks were created to help secure finance for governments fighting wars. But today, limiting lending to governments is at the core of protecting price stability from unsustainable fiscal spending.

History is dotted with the consequences of not doing so. For example, in the 1960s and 1970s, central banks in Latin America printed money to support their governments’ spending goals. But it resulted in massive inflation while not securing growth or political stability.

Today, limits on lending are strongly associated with lower inflation in the developing world. And central banks with high levels of independence can reject a government’s financing requests or dictate the terms of loans.

Yet over the past two decades, almost 40 countries have made their central banks less able to limit central government funding. In the more extreme examples – such as in Belarus, Ecuador or even New Zealand – they have turned the central bank into a potential financier for the government.

Scapegoating central bankers

In recent years, governments have tried to influence central banks by pushing for lower interest rates, making statements criticizing bank policy or calling for meetings with central bank leadership.

At the same time, politicians have blamed the same central bankers for a number of perceived failings: not anticipating economic shocks such as the 2007-09 financial crisis; exceeding their authority with quantitative easing; and creating massive inequality or instability while trying to save the financial sector.

And since mid-2021, major central banks have struggled to keep inflation low, raising questions from populist and antidemocratic politicians about the merits of an arm’s-length relationship.

But chipping away at central bank independence is a historically sure way to high inflation.The Conversation

About the Author:

Cristina Bodea, Professor of Political Science, Michigan State University and Ana Carolina Garriga, Professor of Political Science, University of Essex

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

 

Oil prices continue to be supported by voluntary cuts by OPEC countries. Hong Kong index fell to a 6-week low

By JustMarkets

At Friday’s close, the Dow Jones (US30) Index was down 0.15% (for the week -0.50%), while the S&P 500 (US500) Index decreased by 0.04% (for the week +1.69%). The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) closed positive 0.12% (for the week +3.54%). Hawkish comments from Fed Chair Cleveland Mester bolstered the US dollar and pressured stocks when she said she wanted to see a few more months of good inflation data before cutting interest rates.

The University of Michigan’s US consumer sentiment index for June unexpectedly fell by 2.5 to a 7-month low of 65.6, weaker than expectations for a rise to 72.0. The University of Michigan’s US 1-year inflation expectations indicator for June was unchanged from May at 3.3%, which was weaker than expectations of a decline to 3.2%. The 5-10 year inflation expectations indicator rose to a 7-month high of 3.1% in June, above expectations of no change at 3.0%.

Equity markets in Europe mostly fell on Friday. The German DAX (DE40) fell by 1.44% (for the week -2.96%), the French CAC 40 (FR40) closed down 2.66% (for the week -3.96%), the Spanish IBEX 35 (ES35) decreased by 0.67% (for the week -3.37%), and the UK FTSE 100 (UK100) closed negative 0.21% (for the week -1.19%) on Friday. European markets are increasingly anxious about European politics after French President Macron announced snap legislative elections following his party’s defeat in last Sunday’s European Parliament elections.

Centeno, a spokesman for the ECB’s governing council, said the ECB should be cautious in bringing interest rates to levels that neither stimulate nor restrain the economy, suggesting the ECB would not be in a hurry before cutting rates again. His colleague, ECB Governing Council spokesman Vasle, said there is a good chance that cutting interest rates will be much slower than the process of raising rates. Swaps discount the odds of a 25 bps ECB rate cut by 16% for the 18 July meeting and 63% for the 12 September meeting.

Oil prices rose nearly 4% last week due to improved global demand forecasts, and OPEC’s current production policy continues to support the market. Despite the announcement that it may begin phasing out voluntary cuts in October, the group continues to stress that it will force non-compliant members to cut production in the coming months.

Asian markets were predominantly up last week. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) gained 0.32% for the week, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) closed around its opening level for the week, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) fell by 3.34% for the week and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was negative 1.25%. Hong Kong’s Hang Seng Index (HK50) hit a six-week low on Monday. Hong Kong stocks have come under pressure in recent weeks as the prospect of lower US interest rates and further Western economic sanctions on Chinese companies have undermined investor confidence.

The offshore yuan stabilized at 7.26 per dollar as traders processed a variety of economic indicators from China. The country’s retail sales rose to a three-month high of 3.7% year-on-year in May, accelerating from a fifteen-month low of 2.3% in the previous month and exceeding the forecast growth of 3%, signaling a rebound in consumer spending. However, the broader economic picture remained mixed, with industrial production and fixed asset investment coming in below market forecasts in May and the urban unemployment rate remaining unchanged at 5%. On the monetary policy front, the People’s Bank of China (PBoC) decided to leave the medium-term lending rate unchanged at 2.5% for 10 consecutive months, which was widely expected.

S&P 500 (US500) 5,431.60 −2.14 (−0.04%)

Dow Jones (US30) 38,589.16 −57.94 (−0.15%)

DAX (DE40) 18,002.02 −263.66 (−1.44%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 8,146.86 −16.81 (−0.21%)

USD Index 105.51 −0.04 (−0.04%)

Important events today:
  • – China Industrial Production (m/m) at 05:00 (GMT+3);
  • – China Retail Sales (m/m) at 05:00 (GMT+3);
  • – China Unemployment Rate (m/m) at 05:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US NY Empire State Manufacturing Index at 15:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US FOMC Harker Speaks at 20:00 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.