InvestMacro

As of Tuesday’s close, the Dow Jones Index (US30) was down -0.61%, extending its losing streak to nine sessions. The S&P500 index (US500) was down -0.39%. The Nasdaq Technology Index (US100) lost -0.43%. The US stocks declined on Tuesday as markets refrained from opening risky positions ahead of tomorrow’s Federal Reserve decision. After Wednesday’s meeting, the FOMC is expected to cut the target range for the federal funds rate by -25 bps. Markets will also be looking to Fed Chair Powell’s comments after Wednesday’s meeting for clues on the future direction of Fed policy. Jerome Powell’s recent comments noted reduced risks in the labor market, but persistent inflation has led to speculation of a rate cut, with a hawkish stance for the next meeting in 2025. If this scenario were to occur, it would boost the dollar index, which would negatively impact risk assets (euro, British pound, Mexican peso) and pressure precious metals (gold and silver).

The US retail sales report for November published on Tuesday came in stronger than expected, showing a resilient economy with strong consumer spending. However, it could prompt the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates next year when it updates its quarterly dot-com forecasts on Wednesday. The US retail sales for November rose by +0.7% m/m, stronger than expectations of +0.6% m/m. Retail sales excluding motor vehicles for November rose by +0.2% m/m, weaker than expectations of +0.4% m/m. US manufacturing production for November added +0.2% m/m, weaker than expectations of +0.5% m/m.

On Tuesday, shares of healthcare companies that own pharmacy benefit management units declined after Pfizer’s CEO said President-elect Trump is “very committed” to reforming pharmacy benefit management (PBM). As a result, Humana (HUM) closed down more than -10%, topping the list of S&P 500 losers. Meanwhile, Pfizer (PFE) stock price gained more than +4% and topped the list of top gainers in the S&P 500 after reaffirming its 2024 outlook and 2025 adjusted EPS guidance of $2.80-$3.00, above the average consensus estimate of $2.89.

Canada’s annual inflation rate for November 2024 was 1.9%, down from 2% in the previous month and short of market expectations of 2%. The result was in line with the Bank of Canada’s baseline scenario, which sees CPI inflation remaining near the 2% threshold for the foreseeable future. However, the average prime rate remained unchanged at 2.7% instead of expectations of a cut to 2.5%, limiting the extent of rate cuts that can be undertaken by the monetary authorities to promote economic growth.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly down on Tuesday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) fell by -0.33%, France’s CAC 40 (FR 40) closed up +0.12%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) lost -1.62%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed down -0.81% yesterday. European equities continued to decline amid new pessimistic economic signals ahead of monetary policy decisions by major central banks this week. In terms of data, the Ifo business climate index for Germany fell more than expected, while the ZEW economic sentiment index unexpectedly rose. Swaps put the odds of a -25bp ECB rate cut at the January 30 meeting at 100% and the odds of a 50bp rate cut at the same meeting at 10%.

WTI crude oil held above $69 a barrel on Wednesday. API data showed that US crude inventories fell by 4.7 million barrels last week, beating forecasts for a 1.9 million barrel decline, which would mark the fourth consecutive decline if confirmed by official data later on Wednesday. Oil prices remain under pressure due to renewed concerns over Chinese demand, driven by unexpectedly weak Chinese consumer spending data. These concerns are compounded by forecasts of a significant rise in non-OPEC+ production next year.

Asian markets traded flat yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) fell by -0.24%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) added +0.67%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) lost -0.48%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was positive +0.78% yesterday.

The Westpac-Melbourne Institute of Australia’s leading economic index for November 2024 rose by +0.1% month-on-month after rising +0.2% in the previous month. This was the index’s first positive reading in 2.5 years amid optimism that economic growth will pick up slowly over the next few quarters. Australia’s GDP is forecast to grow from 0.8% y/y currently to 2.2% by the end of 2025.

At the end of Monday, the Dow Jones Index (US30) declined by 0.25%. The S&P 500 Index (US500) added 0.38%. The Nasdaq Technology Index (US100) was up 1.45%. Top gainers included Alphabet (+4.4%), Tesla (+5.1%), and Broadcom, which soared after its market value surpassed $1 trillion last week. Apple and Alphabet hit new all-time highs, while Nvidia fell 2%.

Bitcoin (BTC/USD) rose more than 4% to a new record high of $107,000 amid President-elect Trump’s support for digital assets. Trump is seeking to create a favorable regulatory environment for digital assets by lifting restrictions imposed by the outgoing administration of President Biden. The US ETFs investing directly in Bitcoin have attracted $12.2 billion in net inflows since Trump won the November 5 presidential election.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly down on Monday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) fell by 0.45%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed down 0.71%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) gained 0.23%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed down 0.46%. The French Index is under pressure after Moody’s unexpected downgrade of France’s credit rating from Aa2 to Aa3, prompted by concerns over deteriorating public finances amid political instability. Meanwhile, on Friday, President Emmanuel Macron named Francois Bayrou as the new prime minister following the collapse of Michel Barnier’s government. In Germany, Chancellor Olaf Scholz lost a confidence vote as expected, confirming elections scheduled for late February. The leaders of the fall on the German stock exchange were the largest automakers: Mercedes Benz, BMW, and Stellantis, which fell in value from 3% to 5%. They were pressured by a weak retail sales report from China and industrial production, which increased competition from the country’s automakers. The UK saw the fastest decline in private sector employment in nearly four years in December, despite a slight increase in output following a payroll tax hike in Labour’s new budget.

WTI crude oil prices fell to below $71 a barrel on Monday. A batch of economic data from China heightened fears of weakening aggregate demand from the world’s top oil importer, adding to the pessimism that the economy will struggle to gain momentum despite Beijing’s promises of fiscal stimulus. The IEA predicts the global oil market will maintain a surplus next year, despite OPEC+ members agreeing to postpone production increases.

The US natural gas (XNG/USD) prices fell to $3.15 per MMBtu, a sharp retreat from a 13-month high of $3.5, as markets lowered their expectations of strong US gas demand. Reports from the EU fueled optimism that European countries could find alternative sources of natural gas supplies after Russian flows through Ukraine were cut off later in the year, and major German companies had already struck LNG deals with Middle Eastern producers.

Asian markets were declining yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) was down 0.03%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) lost 0.03%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) decreased by 0.88% and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was negative 0.56%.

Markets are awaiting a series of economic releases for New Zealand, central among which is Q3 GDP, which is estimated to contract by 0.4% quarter-on-quarter, which could signal a return to recession. The subdued data will provide further evidence in favor of a more aggressive Reserve Bank of New Zealand policy. Meanwhile, the New Zealand Treasury is prognosing a widening budget deficit this year, citing rising unemployment and slowing economic growth, delaying a return to surplus for at least five years.

In Australia, a private survey showed a decline in Consumer Confidence in December as sentiment became more pessimistic about the economic outlook. In addition, traders await the Australian government’s budget update, which is expected to show a widening deficit, partly driven by weakening activity in China, Australia’s largest trading partner.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average (US30) was down 0.53% on Thursday. The S&P 500 Index (US500) decreased by 0.54%. The Nasdaq Technology Index (US100) fell by 0.68%. The losses came amid signs of stagflation after US weekly jobless claims unexpectedly rose to an 8-week high, and November Producer Prices rose faster than expected, the fastest pace in nearly 2 years.

US weekly jobless claims unexpectedly rose by 17,000 to an 8-week high of 242,000, indicating a weaker labor market than expected down to 220,000. The US final Consumption Goods and Services Price Index for November rose by 3.0% y/y, exceeding expectations of 2.6% y/y and the largest increase in over a year. In addition, the November Price Index, excluding food and energy, was unchanged from October at 3.4% y/y, exceeding expectations of 3.2% y/y. Markets estimate the odds of a 25 bps rate cut at the December 17–18 FOMC meeting at 95%.

Adobe (ADBE) fell more than 13%, topping the list of losers in the S&P 500 and Nasdaq 100, after estimating 2025 revenue of $23.30-$23.55 bln, weaker than the consensus projections of $23.78 bln.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly flat yesterday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose by 0.13%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed down 0.03%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) fell by 0.21%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed up 0.12%. The ECB, as expected, cut the deposit rate by 25 bps to 3.00% from 3.25% and abandoned previous language that monetary policy will remain “sufficiently restrictive for as long as necessary.” The ECB lowered its 2024 eurozone GDP estimate to 0.7% from a previous projection of 0.8% and its 2024 Eurozone inflation prognosis to 2.4% from a previous one of 2.5%. ECB President Lagarde said the latest information indicates that the eurozone economy is losing momentum and will strengthen more slowly than expected.

The Swiss National Bank (SNB) cut its key rate by 50bps to 0.5% in December 2024, beating market expectations for a smaller 25bps cut. This is the fourth consecutive rate cut and the sharpest since January 2015, bringing borrowing costs to the lowest since November 2022. The decision came amid a decline in inflation from 1.1% in August to 0.7% in November. Inflation is projected to average 1.1% in 2024, 0.3% in 2025, and 0.8% in 2026, staying within the SNB’s target range. Swiss GDP growth is expected to be around 1% this year, rising slightly to 1–1.5% in 2025, supported by recent rate cuts.

Oil prices are targeting their first weekly rise in three weeks, helped by the prospect of tighter sanctions and hopes for improved Chinese demand following Beijing’s pledge to ease monetary policy next year. OPEC also cut its 2024 demand growth prognosis again, the fifth consecutive month of lower demand growth.

The US natural gas prices (XNG/USD) climbed above $3.4/MMBtu to the highest level in more than two weeks, driven by larger-than-expected withdrawals from storage reported by the EIA. For the week ending December 6, US utilities withdrew 190 billion cubic feet of gas from storage, well above the 170 billion cubic feet prognosis. This withdrawal was well above last year’s 72 Bcf and the five-year average of 71 Bcf for the same period.

Asian markets traded flat yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) fell by 1.09%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) rose by 1.38%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) gained 1.28%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was negative 1.37%.

The New Zealand dollar fell as low as 0.575 USD on Friday, ending at its weakest level in two years under pressure from a strong US dollar. The US dollar strengthened after US Producer Inflation rose more than expected, pushing Treasury yields higher. Domestically, expectations of a significant rate cut by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand have further weighed on the local currency. Markets currently see a 66% chance of a 50bp rate cut at the central bank’s February meeting, with the rate prognosis to fall to 3.10% by the end of 2025.

At the end of Wednesday, the Dow Jones Index (US30) fell by 0.22%. The S&P 500 Index (US500) is up 0.82%. The Nasdaq Technology Index (US100) jumped 1.85% to an all-time high. The US stocks extended early gains, reversing earlier session declines this week as inflation data offered no surprises and bolstered bets that the US Federal Reserve will cut rates next week. Markets rate the odds of a 25bp rate cut at the December 17–18 FOMC meeting at 95%. The US Consumer Price Index for November rose by 0.3% m/m and 2.7% y/y, which aligns with expectations. In addition, the Consumer Price Index, excluding food and energy, rose by 0.3% m/m and 3.3% y/y, which aligns with expectations.

Technology stocks led the gains, helped by low bond yields and bets that the incoming Trump administration may reduce sector regulation. Tesla (TSLA) jumped 3.6%, up nearly 70% since the November election, while Meta (META) added 5.3%, Nvidia (NVDA) jumped 2.6%, and Broadcom (AVGO) gained 5%.

At its December meeting, the Bank of Canada (BoC) cut its key interest rate by 50 bps for the second consecutive time, as expected by the markets. This brought the cumulative rate cut to 175 bps from this cycle’s peak of 5%. Nevertheless, the rhetoric of Central Bank policymakers suggests that there will be no more aggressive rate cuts next year, and officials have backtracked on the statement that borrowing costs will be reduced if the base case scenario continues. The sharp interest rate cut followed data that Canada’s GDP grew at a 1% annualized rate in the third quarter, below the Central Bank’s projections, and fourth-quarter growth risks also falling short of estimates.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly up yesterday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) rose by 0.34%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed higher by 0.39%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) fell by 1.47%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed up 0.26%.

The Swiss National Bank (SNB) is expected to meet today. Most economists expect a 25bps rate cut, but some economists expect a 0.5% rate cut. This is even though the current rate is at 1%. The Swiss franc has declined slightly over the past few months, but mainly because markets expect a significant rate cut towards the lower boundary of zero. A 0.25% rate cut is already factored into the price, so it will only add volatility to currency pairs with the CHF. But if the SNB surprises and goes for a 0.5% rate cut, the franc could come under selling pressure.

WTI crude oil prices jumped 2.5% to $70.29 a barrel on Wednesday, driven by the European Union’s approval of a new package of sanctions targeting Russian oil flows, adding to supply concerns. However, gains were tempered as the US EIA reported a larger-than-expected increase in gasoline and distillate inventories, signaling weak domestic fuel demand. Adding to market uncertainty, OPEC cut its estimates for global oil demand growth in 2024 and 2025 for the fifth consecutive month, citing weak demand in China and rising non-OPEC+ supply. OPEC+ had earlier postponed plans to increase production, reflecting cautious market dynamics.

The US natural gas prices (XNGUSD) climbed above $3.25/MMBtu, the highest in more than a week, mainly due to projections of colder weather and increased heating demand. In addition, export liquefied natural gas (LNG) plants are receiving more natural gas, averaging 14.0 Bcf/d in December compared to 13.6 in November.

Asian markets were relatively flat yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) rose by 0.01%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) gained 0.44%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) fell by 0.77%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was negative 0.47%.

Australia’s seasonally adjusted unemployment rate fell to 3.9% in November 2024 from 4.1% in the previous three months, defying market estimates of 4.2%. It was the lowest unemployment rate since March as the number of jobless fell by 27,000 to an 8-month low. Market sentiment shifted sharply after the data release, as the implied probability of a February rate cut fell to around 50% from 68% before publication.

The Dow Jones (US30) was down 0.35% on Tuesday. The S&P 500 Index (US500) closed negative 0.30%. The Nasdaq Technology Index (US100) fell by 0.34%. Investors were cautious ahead of Wednesday’s expected consumer inflation report, which could significantly impact Federal Reserve policy. Despite the market decline, the indices remain near record highs, driven by optimism that the inflation data could reinforce expectations of a soft landing and pave the way for a Fed rate cut in December. The Consumer Price Index is expected to rise slightly to 2.7% y/y in November from 2.6% y/y in October. Meanwhile, the Core CPI (excluding food and energy) is expected to be unchanged from October at 3.3% y/y in November.

Oracle (ORCL) is down more than 6% after reporting adjusted second-quarter revenue of $14.06 billion, below the consensus estimate of $14.12 billion. EBay (EBAY) shares are down more than 2% after Jefferies downgraded the stock to “unweighted” from “hold” with a $52 price target. Alphabet (GOOG) is up more than 5% and led the Nasdaq 100 stocks higher after it disclosed a breakthrough in quantum computing with its new Willow quantum chip.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly down yesterday. Germany’s DAX (DE40) fell by 0.08%, France’s CAC 40 (FR40) closed down 1.14%, Spain’s IBEX 35 (ES35) dropped 0.38%, and the UK’s FTSE 100 (UK100) closed down 0.86%. Investor sentiment was dampened by disappointing trade data from China, which partially offset optimism from China’s announcement of fiscal and monetary policy easing for next year. Traders also refrained from making big bets ahead of tomorrow’s release of the US Consumer Price Index and Thursday’s ECB monetary policy decision.

German annual inflation rose to 2.2% in November 2024 from 2% in October, which is in line with preliminary estimates and the highest in four months. Core inflation, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, hit a six-month high of 3% in November. Norway’s annualized consumer inflation rate fell to 2.4% in November 2024 from 2.6% in the previous month. Meanwhile, the tax-adjusted Consumer Price Index excluding energy (CPI-ATE) rose to 3% year-over-year in November after rising 2.7% in October.

Silver prices (XAG/USD) traded near $32 an ounce on Tuesday, remaining near one-month highs as Chinese policymakers unveiled plans for additional economic stimulus, boosting demand prospects in the world’s top metals consumer. Like other precious metals, Silver also benefited from rising expectations that the US Federal Reserve will cut interest rates again this month.

WTI crude oil prices rose to around $69 a barrel on Wednesday, rising for the third consecutive session amid an improved demand outlook. This came after China announced plans to implement a sufficiently loose monetary policy next year to revitalize its economy, which could boost energy demand from the world’s largest oil importer. In support of that projection, China’s crude oil imports rose in November for the first time in seven months, rising more than 14% year-on-year.

Asian markets traded flat yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) rose by 0.53%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) gained 1.04%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) fell by 0.50%, and Australia’s ASX 200 (AU200) was negative 0.36%. In Asia, market attention turned to China’s annual Central Economic Work Conference, which began today. This closed-door meeting, which usually lasts two to three days, is an opportunity for China’s top leaders to assess the state of the economy and set priorities for the coming year.

The Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) has already cut the official money rate by 125 bps this year to 4.25%. Markets are now pricing in a 59% chance of another 50bp rate cut at the Central Bank’s next meeting in February, further weighing on the local currency.