Archive for Economics & Fundamentals – Page 111

Market Mood Mixed Ahead Of US CPI

By ForexTime

Asian markets were a mixed bag on Tuesday as caution kicked in ahead of tomorrow’s key US inflation report, although Chinese shares rose after export data beat market expectations. European futures are pointing to a positive open despite the mixed sentiment, with UK financial markets reopening after a public holiday. In the currency arena, the dollar has entered standby mode ahead of talks between US President Joe Biden and congressional leaders on the debt-ceiling issue. The yen is dominating the G10 space this morning after the new BoJ Governor Ueda mentioned that the central bank could drop its yield curve control policy if inflation reaches its 2% goal. Looking at commodities, gold is limping higher but clearly struggling to nurse the deep wounds inflicted by last Friday’s strong NFP report.

US CPI report in focus

After last Friday’s hot jobs report that saw the US economy create 253,000 jobs in April, much attention will be directed towards the pending inflation data for fresh clues on the Fed’s policy path.

It is worth keeping in mind that even though the Fed signaled a pause in further rate increases, it also left the door open to further tightening if incoming data warrants. Traders are currently pricing in a 49% probability of a 25-basis point cut at the September Fed meeting, according to Fed funds futures. CPI year-on-year is expected to rise 5.0% which would be the slowest pace in almost 2 years while core CPI is forecast to cool to 5.5% from the 5.6% in the prior month.

Looking at the technical picture, the Dollar Index (DXY) remains trapped within a range on the daily charts. Resistance can be found around 102.30 while support is at 101.00. A breakout could be on the horizon with the help of a potent catalyst. If prices slip below 101.00, the next level of interest can be found at 100.80. A rebound from 101.00 may trigger a move up towards 102.30.

Currency spotlight – GBPUSD

Could GBPUSD be gearing up for further upside after jumping to a fresh 2023 high on Monday? Well, it looks like bulls are taking a breather ahead of the US CPI data on Wednesday and BoE decision on Thursday. Markets widely expect the BoE to hike interest rates by 25 basis points with much focus on the minutes, quarterly Monetary Policy Report (MPR), and Governor Bailey’s press conference. Looking at the technical picture, GBPUSD could rally to fresh 2023 highs if BoE hawks dominate the scene with key levels of interest found at 1.2730 and 1.2870 where the 200-week SMA resides.

Commodity Spotlight – Gold

Gold drifted higher on Tuesday as investors braced for the US inflation report mid-week. After being whacked by last Friday’s solid US jobs report which raised the odds of the Fed keeping rates higher for longer, the precious metal could sink further if US inflation remains sticky. Such a development may drag gold back below the $2015 level with bears eyeing the psychological $2000. Alternatively, signs of cooling inflation could inject gold bulls with renewed confidence, propelling prices back toward $2045 and 2023 high at $2063.


Forex-Time-LogoArticle by ForexTime

ForexTime Ltd (FXTM) is an award winning international online forex broker regulated by CySEC 185/12 www.forextime.com

Cloud seeding can increase rain and snow, and new techniques may make it a lot more effective – podcast

By Daniel Merino, The Conversation and Nehal El-Hadi, The Conversation 

When an unexpected rainstorm leaves you soaking wet, it is an annoyance. When a drought leads to fires, crop failures and water shortages, the significance of weather becomes vitally important.

If you could control the weather, would you?

Small amounts of rain can mean the difference between struggle and success. For nearly 80 years, an approach called cloud seeding has, in theory, given people the ability to get more rain and snow from storms and make hailstorms less severe. But only recently have scientists been able to peer into clouds and begin to understand how effective cloud seeding really is.

In this episode of “The Conversation Weekly,” we speak with three researchers about the simple yet murky science of cloud seeding, the economic effects it can have on agriculture, and research that may allow governments to use cloud seeding in more places.

Katja Friedrich, a professor of atmospheric and oceanic sciences at the University of Colorado, Boulder in the U.S., is a leading researcher on cloud seeding. “When we do cloud seeding, we are looking for clouds that have tiny super-cooled liquid droplets,” she explains. Silver iodide is very similar in structure to an ice crystal. When the droplets touch a particle of silver iodide, “they freeze, then they can start merging with other ice crystals, become snowflakes and fall out of the cloud.”

While the process is fairly straightforward, measuring how effective it is in the real world is not, according to Friedrich. “The problem is that once we modify a cloud, it’s really difficult to say what would’ve happened if you hadn’t cloud-seeded.” It’s hard enough to predict weather without messing with it artificially.

A plane wing with a cylindrical device attached.
Cloud seeding is usually done by planes equipped with devices – like the one attached to the wing of this plane – that spray silver iodide into the atmosphere.
Zuckerle/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA

In 2017, Friedrich’s research group had a breakthrough in measuring the effect of cloud seeding. “We flew some aircraft, released silver iodide and generated these clouds that were like these six exact lines that were downstream of where the aircraft were seeding,” she says. They then had a second aircraft fly through the clouds. “We could actually quantify how much snow we could produce by two hours of cloud seeding.” That effect, according to research on cloud seeding, is an increase in precipitation of somewhere around 5% to 20% or 30%, depending on conditions.

Measuring the effect on precipitation – whether rain or snow – directly may have taken complex science and a bit of luck, but in places that have been using cloud seeding for long periods of time, the economic benefits are shockingly clear.

Dean Bangsund is a researcher at the University of North Dakota who studies the economics of agriculture. “We have a high amount of hail damage in North Dakota,” said Bangsund. For decades, the state government has been using cloud seeding to reduce hail damage, as cloud seeding leads to the formation of more pieces of smaller hail compared to fewer pieces of larger hail. “It doesn’t 100% eliminate hail; it’s designed to soften the impact.”

Every 10 years, the state of North Dakota does an analysis on the economic impacts of the cloud seeding program, measuring both reduction in hail damage and benefits from increased rain. Bangsund led the last report and says that for every dollar spent on the cloud seeding program, “we are looking at something that is anywhere from $8 or $9 in benefit on the really lowest scale, up to probably $20 of impact per acre.” With millions of acres of agricultural fields in the cloud seeding area, that is a massive economic benefit.

Both Freidrich and Bangsund emphasized that cloud seeding, while effective in some cases, cannot be used everywhere. There is also a lot of uncertainty in how much of an effect it has. One way to improve the effectiveness and applicability of cloud seeding is by improving the seed. Linda Zou is a professor of civil infrastructure and environmental engineering at Khalifa University in the United Arab Emirates.

Her work has focused on developing a replacement for silver iodide, and her lab has developed what she calls a nanopowder. “I start with table salt, which is sodium chloride,” says Zou. “This desirable-sized crystal is then coated with a thin nanomaterial layer of titanium dioxide.” When salt gets wet, it melts and forms a droplet that can efficiently merge with other droplets and fall from a cloud. Titanium dioxide attracts water. Put the two together and you get a very effective cloud-seeding material.

From indoor experiments, Zou found that “with the nanopowders, there are 2.9 times the formation of larger-size water droplets.” These nanopowders can also form ice crystals at warmer temperatures and less humidity than silver iodide.

As Zou says, “if the material you are releasing is more reactive and can work in a much wider range of conditions, that means no matter when you decide to use it, the chance of success will be greater.”


This episode was written and produced by Katie Flood. Mend Mariwany is the executive producer of The Conversation Weekly. Eloise Stevens does our sound design, and our theme music is by Neeta Sarl.

You can find us on Twitter @TC_Audio, on Instagram at theconversationdotcom or via email. You can also subscribe to The Conversation’s free daily email here.

Listen to “The Conversation Weekly” via any of the apps listed above, download it directly via our RSS feed or find out how else to listen here.The Conversation


Daniel Merino, Associate Science Editor & Co-Host of The Conversation Weekly Podcast, The Conversation and Nehal El-Hadi, Science + Technology Editor & Co-Host of The Conversation Weekly Podcast, The Conversation

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Gold is down on rumors that the Fed may raise rates again in June. The ECB intends to keep raising rates

By JustMarkets 

At the close of the stock market on Friday, the Dow Jones Index (US30) increased by 1.65% (-1.30% for the week), and the S&P 500 Index (US500) was up by 1.85% (-0.73% for the week). Technology Index NASDAQ (US100) gained 2.25% on Friday (+0.21% for the week). Investor fears that the economy is headed for a recession in the second half of the year bolstered bets that interest rates will soon decline.

Friday’s data showed that the US economy added 253,000 jobs (forecast +181,000). The unemployment rate fell from 3.5% to 3.4%. The unexpected rise in US hiring and payrolls last month makes it more likely that the Federal Reserve will hold interest rates high longer and possibly keep the possibility of an 11th straight hike in June.

St. Louis Federal Reserve President James Bullard said Friday that he is willing to be “open-minded” about whether to raise rates or leave them unchanged at the Fed’s June meeting, joining the “data-dependent” position. Bullard said he thinks the 5% to 5.25% rate level reached this week is still at the “lower end” of what might be needed; his own projections suggest that rates may need to rise another half a point for inflation to decline steadily. The US inflation data in the coming week will give an indication of whether the Federal Reserve can halt its series of interest rate hikes at next month’s meeting.

Deposits at US commercial banks fell to their lowest level in nearly two years by the end of April, data released Friday by the Federal Reserve showed. Total lending by banks rose, driven by record levels of outstanding loans and leases.

Equity markets in Europe were mostly up on Friday. German DAX (DE30) gained 1.44% (+0.48% for the week), French CAC 40 (FR40) added 1.26% on Friday (-0.88% for the week), Spanish IBEX 35 (ES35) increased by 1.11% (-2.06% for the week), British FTSE 100 (UK100) was up 0.98% (-0.68% for the week).

The European Central Bank will continue to raise interest rates until inflation is under control, two ECB officials said Friday. French central bank governor François Villrois de Galleau and his Lithuanian counterpart Gediminas Simkus confirmed the ECB’s intention to raise borrowing costs even further. Data on Friday also showed that Eurozone retail sales fell more than expected in March, signaling a cooling of demand.

Saudi Arabia’s economy grew by 3.9% in the first quarter thanks to non-oil activity. The IMF reports that the Saudi economy grew by 8.7% last year but forecasts that Saudi GDP growth will increase by 3.1% this year.

Gold fell back from record highs amid signs that the Fed may raise rates again in June. Gold has an inverse correlation to government bond yields, which depend on the dollar index. A rise in interest rates causes the dollar and government bond yields to rise, which is negative for gold and silver. But the medium-term outlook for gold for the rest of the year remains bullish, as the US Federal Reserve is in the final phase of its tightening cycle.

Asian markets have gained substantially over the past week. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) gained 2.39%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) added 0.37%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) increased by 0.50%, India’s NIFTY 50 (IND50) jumped by 0.96%, and Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 (AU200) was up by 0.37%.

On Friday, the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) imposed additional capital requirements on DBS Bank, the banking arm of the country’s largest lender, DBS Group, after disruptions to its banking services in recent months.

The Australian government intends to lower its inflation forecasts and also forecasts a longer unemployment decline in the 2023/24 budget, which should lead to a much-needed rise in real wages. Unemployment is forecast at 3.5% at the end of the second quarter.

In the commodities market, futures on cotton (+4.03%), wheat (+3.94%), silver (+2.79%), and corn (+2.09%) showed the biggest gains last week. Futures on natural gas (-12.32%), WTI oil (-7.11%), Brent oil (-6.17%), and lumber (-2.15%) showed the largest drop.

S&P 500 (F) (US500) 4,136.25 +75.03 (+1.85%)

Dow Jones (US30)33,674.38 +546.64 (+1.65%)

DAX (DE40) 15,961.02 +226.78 (+1.44%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 7,778.38 +75.74 (+0.98%)

USD Index 101.28 -0.12 -0.12%

Important events for today:
  • – Japan Monetary Policy Meeting Minutes at 02:50 (GMT+3);
  • – Japan Services PMI (m/m) at 03:30 (GMT+3);
  • – German Industrial Production (m/m) at 09:00 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

Mindfulness, meditation and self-compassion – a clinical psychologist explains how these science-backed practices can improve mental health

By Rachel Goldsmith Turow, Seattle University 

Mindfulness and self-compassion are now buzzwords for self-improvement. But in fact, a growing body of research shows these practices can lead to real mental health benefits. This research – ongoing, voluminous and worldwide – clearly shows how and why these two practices work.

One effective way to cultivate mindfulness and self-compassion is through meditation.

For more than 20 years, as a clinical psychologist, research scientist and educator, I taught meditation to students and clinical patients and took a deep dive into the research literature. My recent book, “The Self-Talk Workout: Six Science-Backed Strategies to Dissolve Self-Criticism and Transform the Voice in Your Head,” highlights much of that research.

I learned even more when I evaluated mental health programs and psychology classes that train participants in mindfulness and compassion-based techniques.

Defining mindfulness and self-compassion

Mindfulness means purposefully paying attention to the present moment with an attitude of interest or curiosity rather than judgment.

Self-compassion involves being kind and understanding toward yourself, even during moments of suffering or failure.

Both are associated with greater well-being.

But don’t confuse self-compassion with self-esteem or self-centeredness, or assume that it somehow lowers your standards, motivation or productivity. Instead, research shows that self-compassion is linked with greater motivation, less procrastination and better relationships.

Could mindfulness meditation be the next public health revolution?

Be patient when starting a meditation practice

I didn’t like meditation – the specific practice sessions that train mindfulness and self-compassion – the first time I tried it as a college student in the late ‘90s. I felt like a failure when my mind wandered, and I interpreted that as a sign that I couldn’t do it.

In both my own and others’ meditation practices, I’ve noticed that the beginning is often rocky and full of doubt, resistance and distraction.

But what seem like impediments can actually enhance meditation practice, because the mental work of handling them builds strength.

For the first six months I meditated, my body and mind were restless. I wanted to get up and do other tasks. But I didn’t. Eventually it became easier to notice my urges and thoughts without acting upon them. I didn’t get as upset with myself.

After about a year of consistent meditation, my mind seemed more organized and controllable; it no longer got stuck in self-critical loops. I felt a sense of kindness or friendliness toward myself in everyday moments, as well as during joyful or difficult experiences. I enjoyed ordinary activities more, such as walking or cleaning.

It took a while to understand that anytime you sit down and try to meditate, that’s meditation. It is a mental process, rather than a destination.

How meditation works on the mind

Just having a general intention to be more mindful or self-compassionate is unlikely to work.

Most programs shown to make meaningful differences involve at least seven sessions. Studies show these repeated workouts improve attention skills and decrease rumination, or repeated negative thinking.

They also lessen self-criticism, which is linked to numerous mental health difficulties, including depression, anxiety, eating disorders, self-harm and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Meditation is not just about sustaining your attention – it’s also about shifting and returning your focus after the distraction. The act of shifting and refocusing cultivates attention skills and decreases rumination.

Trying repeatedly to refrain from self-judgment during the session will train your mind to be less self-critical.

An interconnected group of brain regions called the default mode network is strikingly affected by meditation. Much of this network’s activity reflects repetitive thinking, such as a rehash of a decadeslong tension with your sister. It’s most prominent when you’re not doing much of anything. Activity of the default mode network is related to rumination, unhappiness and depression.

Research shows that just one month of meditation reduces the noise of the default mode network. The type of meditation practice doesn’t seem to matter.

Don’t be discouraged if your mind wanders as you meditate.

Establishing the formal practice

A common misconception about mindfulness is that it’s simply a way to relax or clear the mind. Rather, it means intentionally paying attention to your experiences in a nonjudgmental way.

Consider meditation the formal part of your practice – that is, setting aside a time to work on specific mindfulness and self-compassion techniques.

Cultivating mindfulness with meditation often involves focusing on paying attention to the breath. A common way to start practice is to sit in a comfortable place and bring attention to your breathing, wherever you feel it most strongly.

At some point, probably after a breath or two, your mind will wander to another thought or feeling. As soon as you notice that, you can bring your attention back to the breath and try not to judge yourself for losing focus for five to 10 minutes.

When I was just getting started meditating, I would have to redirect my attention dozens or hundreds of times in a 20-to-30-minute session. Counting 10 breaths, and then another 10, and so on, helped me link my mind to the task of paying attention to my breathing.

The most well-established technique for cultivating self-compassion is called loving-kindness meditation. To practice, you can find a comfortable position, and for at least five minutes, internally repeat phrases such as, “May I be safe. May I be happy. May I be healthy. May I live with ease.”

When your attention wanders, you can bring it back with as little self-judgment as possible and continue repeating the phrases. Then, if you like, offer the same well wishes to other people or to all beings.

Every time you return your focus to your practice without judging, you’re flexing your mental awareness, because you noticed your mind wandered. You also improve your capacity to shift attention, a valuable anti-rumination skill, and your nonjudgment, an antidote to self-criticism.

These practices work. Studies show that brain activity during meditation results in less self-judgment, depression and anxiety and results in less rumination.

Mindfulness also occurs when you tune into present-moment sensations, such as tasting your food or washing the dishes.

An ongoing routine of formal and informal practice can transform your thinking. And again, doing it once in a while won’t help as much. It’s like situps: A single situp isn’t likely to strengthen your abdominal muscles, but doing several sets each day will.

When thoughts pop up during meditation, no worries. Just start again … and again … and again.

Meditation reduces self-criticism

Studies show that mindfulness meditation and loving-kindness meditation reduce self-criticism, which leads to better mental health, including lower levels of depression, anxiety and PTSD. After an eight-week mindfulness program, participants experienced less self-judgment. These changes were linked with decreases in depression and anxiety.

One final point: Beginning meditators may find that self-criticism gets worse before it gets better.

After years or decades of habitual self-judgment, people often judge themselves harshly about losing focus during meditation. But once students get through the first few weeks of practice, the self-judgment begins to abate, both about meditation and about oneself in general.

As one of my students recently said after several weeks of mindfulness meditation: “I am more stable, more able to detach from unhelpful thoughts and can do all of this while being a little more compassionate and loving toward myself.”The Conversation

About the Author:

Rachel Goldsmith Turow, Adjunct Assistant Professor in Population Health Science and Policy, Seattle University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

 

Week Ahead: US CPI Report May Rock These 3 Markets

By ForexTime 

Even as anticipation mounts ahead of the US jobs data due later today, investors may be bracing for more volatility in the week ahead thanks to another round of risk events.

All eyes will be on the incoming US inflation data as well as speeches from financial heavyweights and other risk events which could spark some fresh action across markets.

Monday, May 8

  • UK bank holiday honouring Charles III coronation
  • EUR: Germany industrial production, ECB Chief Economist Philip Lane speech

Tuesday, May 9

  • CHN: China trade, money supply
  • AUD: Australia consumer confidence
  • EUR: ECB Chief Economic Philip Lane speech (IMF)
  • USD: Fed New York President John Williams speech
  • US President Joe Biden debt ceiling talks

Wednesday, May 10

  • EUR: Germany April CPI (final)
  • USD: US April CPI

Thursday, May 11

  • CNH: China PPI, CPI
  • GBP: UK BOE rate decision & press conference
  • USD: US PPI, initial jobless claims
  • G7 finance ministers meet in Japan

Friday, May 12

  • GBP: UK Industrial production, Bank of England Chief Economist Huw Pill speech
  • USD: University of Michigan consumer sentiment, Fed speeches

The April US consumer price index (CPI) report published on Wednesday 10th May will be exactly one week after the Federal Reserve raised rates and signalled a pause in further increases.

Given how Fed Chair Jerome Powell has left the door open to further tightening if incoming economic data warrants, this could add more spice to the report.

Markets are forecasting:

  • CPI year-on-year (April 2023 vs. April 2022) to rise 5.0% – slowest pace in almost 2 years.
  • Core CPI year-on-year to cool 5.4% from the 5.6% in the prior month.
  • CPI month-on-month (April 2023 vs March 2023) to rise 0.4% from 0.1% in the prior month.
  • Core CPI month-on-month to cool 0.3% from the 0.4% in the prior month.

Ultimately, further evidence of inflation slowing down could reinforce expectations around the Federal Reserve pausing and eventually cutting interest rates. Should inflation remain sticky, this could rekindle bets around the Fed leaving interest rates higher for longer.

Expectations are rising over the Federal Reserve cutting interest rates with the chance of a 25-basis point cut in July currently priced at 53%, according to Fed funds futures! It will be interesting to see how the incoming inflation data shapes market expectations around the central bank’s next move.

With all of the above discussed, here’s how these 3 assets could react to the US CPI report

  1. USD Index

The past few months have been rough and rocky for the dollar as investors weighed the prospects of the Federal Reserve pausing and then eventually cutting interest rates. More pain could be in store for the dollar if US inflation cools more than expected in April.

  • A soft inflation print may drag the USD Index toward the 100.72 level. Should prices experience a bearish breakout, this could open the doors toward 100.
  • A sticky inflation print could throw a lifeline to dollar bulls, propelling back above 101.50 with 102.34 acting as a key level of interest.

  1. SPX500_m

After being trapped within a range for the past few weeks, could a breakout be on the horizon for the SPX500_m?

  • If the inflation numbers beat expectations, this may trigger a bearish breakout on the SPX500_m – taking prices below the 4050-support level.
  • Should the inflation numbers come in lower than market forecasts, SPX500_m bulls could be injected with renewed confidence as expectations intensify over the Fed ending its rate cycle. This could send the index back toward the 4180 resistance level and beyond.

  1. Gold

It may be wise to fasten your seatbelts for potential volatility on gold due to its high sensitivity to inflation data and US interest rate expectations. The precious metal remains bullish on the daily charts despite prices pulling back from near-record highs.

  • A soft inflation report could sweeten appetite for the zero-yielding asset as bets rise over the Fed cutting rates in 2023. This development could push the metal back towards the 2023 high of $2063 with bulls eyeing $2070 and the all-time high at $2075.
  • A stronger-than-expected inflation number could drag gold prices back toward the psychological $2000 level.


Forex-Time-LogoArticle by ForexTime

ForexTime Ltd (FXTM) is an award winning international online forex broker regulated by CySEC 185/12 www.forextime.com

The US regional banks are once again on the verge of collapse. The ECB cut the pace of rate hikes to 0.25%

By JustMarkets 

The US stock indices fell again Tuesday as the banking crisis continues. The KBW regional banking index fell more than 6% to its lowest level since November 2020. The Dow Jones Index (US30) was down by 1.08%, and the S&P 500 Index (US500) fell by 1.16% at the stock market’s close. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) decreased by 1.08% yesterday.

Regional banks fell sharply yesterday as fears of further stress on small lenders persist amid fears that higher interest rates will hurt banks open to long-term assets, including Treasuries and commercial loans.

The US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) showed yesterday that the number of job openings in March fell to 9.590 million, below estimates of 9.775 million, according to the JOLTs report. At the same time, the US Commerce Department reported that manufacturing orders rose by 0.09% from the previous month, exceeding estimates.

Concerns about the economy were exacerbated by new fears that the US could default as early as June 1 if Congress does not raise the debt ceiling. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen warned Monday that the United States could run out of cash and default on its debt as early as June 1.

Uber (UBER) jumped by 11% after reporting lower-than-expected first-quarter losses and optimistic forecasts.

Equity markets in Europe traded flat on Tuesday. German DAX (DE30) decreased by 1.23%, French CAC 40 (FR40) fell by 1.45% yesterday, Spanish IBEX 35 (ES35) lost 1.72%, British FTSE 100 (UK100) closed on Tuesday down by 1.24%.

The overall inflation rate in the Eurozone rose in April, remaining well above the European Central Bank’s target levels, but the rise in core prices slowed down. The annualized consumer price index rose from 6.9% to 7.0%. Core inflation (which excludes food and energy prices) fell from 5.7% to 5.6%. Instead of providing some clarity as to how much the central bank might raise rates, the latest numbers have only blurred the picture. Market participants are debating whether the ECB will raise rates on Thursday by 50 or 25 basis points. On the one hand, rising overall inflation could prompt hawkish ECB officials to advocate another 0.5% hike. On the other hand, a slowdown in core price growth could shift the balance towards a more dovish stance and lead to a compromise 25 basis point rate hike.

Gold moved back above $2,000 an ounce on Tuesday as talk of a potential US default led investors to look for safe-haven assets. If gold maintains its current upward trend, the spot price could try again to reach an April high of around $2,050 or higher.

Oil fell more than 5% yesterday due to fears of a US default. Now the next step is up to OPEC+. There is a high probability that the cartel will cut its daily production even more. OPEC+ will try by all means to keep oil prices above $80 a barrel.

Asian markets were mostly rising yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) gained 0.12%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) didn’t trade yesterday, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) gained 0.20% on the day, India’s NIFTY 50 (IND50) jumped by 0.46%, while Australian S&P/ASX 200 (AU200) showed a negative result of 0.92% decline on Tuesday.

S&P 500 (F) (US500) 4,119.59 −48.28 (−1.16%)

Dow Jones (US30)33,684.53 −367.17 (−1.08%)

DAX (DE40) 15,726.94 −195.44 (−1.23%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 7,773.03 −97.54 (−1.24%)

USD Index 101.90 −0.25 (−0.25%)

Important events for today:
  • – New Zealand Unemployment Rate at 01:45 (GMT+3);
  • – New Zealand RBNZ Gov Orr Speaks at 02:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Australia Retail Sales (m/m) at 04:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Eurozone Unemployment Rate (m/m) at 12:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US ADP Nonfarm Employment Change (m/m) at 15:15 (GMT+3);
  • – US ISM Services PMI (m/m) at 17:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Crude Oil Reserves (w/w) at 17:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US FOMC Statement at 21:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Fed Interest Rate Decision at 21:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US FOMC Press Conference at 21:30 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

Fed rate hikes, recession fears and political backlash leave ESG investors at a crossroads

By Sehoon Kim, University of Florida 

The Federal Reserve raised interest rates again on May 3, 2023, by a quarter point, making it the Fed’s 10th rate hike since March 2022 in an ongoing fight to tame inflation. These rate hikes have been reverberating through the economy, raising prospects of a recession amid heightened concerns about the fragile state of banks.

The rate hikes are also rattling sustainability-focused investing, better known as ESG investing.

The trend toward ESG investing, which puts pressure on companies to meet environmental, social and governance benchmarks, has almost redefined asset management over the past decade. ESG funds today are a multitrillion-dollar market.

However, the high uncertainty around interest rates today, along with the prospects of a looming recession and a political backlash, has put the future of ESG investors at a crossroads.

I specialize in sustainable finance, and my recent work has documented the impact that tough economic times can have on ESG investing demand. Investments into U.S. sustainable mutual funds have visibly slowed since 2022, suffering their worst net flows in five years. Here are how three critical factors can affect investors’ zeal for socially conscious investing going forward.

Interest rate uncertainty

One of the primary arguments that big institutional investors like BlackRock make for ESG investing is that it creates long-term value for shareholders. Companies that pay careful attention to environmental, social and governance issues are believed to be better prepared for distant future risks, including regulatory risks and physical risks from climate change.

However, heightened uncertainty about interest rates poses a challenge today. That’s because higher rates can disproportionately affect the present value that investors assign to long-term investment outcomes. Let me explain.

Within the past year, the Federal Reserve has raised its benchmark lending rate from almost zero to a target range of 5% to 5.25% to combat inflation. In financial markets, higher interest rates lead to higher discount rates. That means that future cash generated by long-term investments is considered to be worth considerably less at today’s higher interest rates.

The more distant an asset’s value lies in the future, the more heavily it will be discounted in value when rates are high. So, long-duration investments – like most ESG investments – are especially sensitive to changes in interest rates.

This economic mechanism was also part of the backdrop of the recent rout in tech stocks and the series of bank failures that started with the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank.

Looming recession

Another factor that could affect ESG investing is the potential for an economic downturn.

As research shows, investors do not necessarily make ESG investments for greater long-term returns, but often for altruistic reasons or due to personal preferences to hold greener assets. For these ESG investors, a looming recession could change their perspective on these “luxuries.”

In an early warning about this possibility, a recent study I conducted with an economist at the Rotterdam School of Management found that retail investors showed signs of shying away from investing in sustainable mutual funds during the early months of the COVID-19 shock in 2020. This was a period when many households experienced layoffs and furloughs, which likely pushed them to set aside luxuries to prioritize protecting the values of their 401(k)s, IRAs and other investment portfolios.

In other words, investors may be all for ESG, except when times are tough.

Prominent economists, such as former Treasury Secretary Larry Summers, have warned of a likely recession as inflation and the Fed’s battle against it persist. The International Monetary Fund also lowered its global economic growth outlook from 3.4% in 2022 to 2.8% in 2023.

Political backlash

Finally, recent political friction and anti-ESG policies across states have started to create headwinds for pension funds and large institutions that serve them.

For example, Florida and Kansas passed laws in recent weeks and several other states including Texas and Kentucky have taken actions to restrict the ability of state public pension funds to invest in companies based on their ESG performance, citing concerns about fraudulent greenwashing and potential fiduciary duty violations, referring to the obligation institutional investors have to seek the highest returns for the lowest risk possible.

These restrictions can severely limit the capacity for ESG investing by institutional investors, which have played a significant role in driving the growth of ESG investing.

While concerns about greenwashing and high fees in ESG investing are not totally unwarranted, these political interventions can also have unintended consequences.

A recent study from economists at Wharton and the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago found that a Texas law enacted in 2021 prohibiting municipalities from contracting with banks with ESG policies had a distorting side effect on those municipalities’ borrowing costs. The policy ended up raising the cost of public finance, meaning the law ultimately cost taxpayers.

Navigating the crossroads

As companies hold their 2023 annual meetings, the discussions among corporate officials, investors and stakeholders will serve as an important barometer for the current state and future of ESG investing.

Due to high interest rate uncertainty, prospects of a recession and political upheaval, ESG is under pressure. Perceived in recent years as a paradigm shift in how market mechanisms can address harms to society, stakeholders are now scrutinizing ESG investing with a critical lens regarding how strongly it can persist and how much impact it can have.

The next few years will be its most important stress test yet.The Conversation

About the Author:

Sehoon Kim, Assistant Professor of Finance, University of Florida

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

 

The US Federal Reserve raised rates by 0.25% and indicates a likely pause in June. ECB intends to stay on the path of rate hike

By JustMarkets

The US stock indices fell again Tuesday as the banking crisis continues. The KBW regional banking index fell more than 6% to its lowest level since November 2020. The Dow Jones Index (US30) was down by 1.08%, and the S&P 500 Index (US500) fell by 1.16% at the stock market’s close. The NASDAQ Technology Index (US100) decreased by 1.08% yesterday.

Regional banks fell sharply yesterday as fears of further stress on small lenders persist amid fears that higher interest rates will hurt banks open to long-term assets, including Treasuries and commercial loans.

The US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) showed yesterday that the number of job openings in March fell to 9.590 million, below estimates of 9.775 million, according to the JOLTs report. At the same time, the US Commerce Department reported that manufacturing orders rose by 0.09% from the previous month, exceeding estimates.

Concerns about the economy were exacerbated by new fears that the US could default as early as June 1 if Congress does not raise the debt ceiling. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen warned Monday that the United States could run out of cash and default on its debt as early as June 1.

Uber (UBER) jumped by 11% after reporting lower-than-expected first-quarter losses and optimistic forecasts.

Equity markets in Europe traded flat on Tuesday. German DAX (DE30) decreased by 1.23%, French CAC 40 (FR40) fell by 1.45% yesterday, Spanish IBEX 35 (ES35) lost 1.72%, British FTSE 100 (UK100) closed on Tuesday down by 1.24%.

The overall inflation rate in the Eurozone rose in April, remaining well above the European Central Bank’s target levels, but the rise in core prices slowed down. The annualized consumer price index rose from 6.9% to 7.0%. Core inflation (which excludes food and energy prices) fell from 5.7% to 5.6%. Instead of providing some clarity as to how much the central bank might raise rates, the latest numbers have only blurred the picture. Market participants are debating whether the ECB will raise rates on Thursday by 50 or 25 basis points. On the one hand, rising overall inflation could prompt hawkish ECB officials to advocate another 0.5% hike. On the other hand, a slowdown in core price growth could shift the balance towards a more dovish stance and lead to a compromise 25 basis point rate hike.

Gold moved back above $2,000 an ounce on Tuesday as talk of a potential US default led investors to look for safe-haven assets. If gold maintains its current upward trend, the spot price could try again to reach an April high of around $2,050 or higher.

Oil fell more than 5% yesterday due to fears of a US default. Now the next step is up to OPEC+. There is a high probability that the cartel will cut its daily production even more. OPEC+ will try by all means to keep oil prices above $80 a barrel.

Asian markets were mostly rising yesterday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 (JP225) gained 0.12%, China’s FTSE China A50 (CHA50) didn’t trade yesterday, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng (HK50) gained 0.20% on the day, India’s NIFTY 50 (IND50) jumped by 0.46%, while Australian S&P/ASX 200 (AU200) showed a negative result of 0.92% decline on Tuesday.

S&P 500 (F) (US500) 4,119.59 −48.28 (−1.16%)

Dow Jones (US30)33,684.53 −367.17 (−1.08%)

DAX (DE40) 15,726.94 −195.44 (−1.23%)

FTSE 100 (UK100) 7,773.03 −97.54 (−1.24%)

USD Index 101.90 −0.25 (−0.25%)

Important events for today:
  • – New Zealand Unemployment Rate at 01:45 (GMT+3);
  • – New Zealand RBNZ Gov Orr Speaks at 02:00 (GMT+3);
  • – Australia Retail Sales (m/m) at 04:30 (GMT+3);
  • – Eurozone Unemployment Rate (m/m) at 12:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US ADP Nonfarm Employment Change (m/m) at 15:15 (GMT+3);
  • – US ISM Services PMI (m/m) at 17:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Crude Oil Reserves (w/w) at 17:30 (GMT+3);
  • – US FOMC Statement at 21:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US Fed Interest Rate Decision at 21:00 (GMT+3);
  • – US FOMC Press Conference at 21:30 (GMT+3).

By JustMarkets

 

This article reflects a personal opinion and should not be interpreted as an investment advice, and/or offer, and/or a persistent request for carrying out financial transactions, and/or a guarantee, and/or a forecast of future events.

Failing Federal Reserve makes mistake: deVere CEO

By George Prior 

The Federal Reserve has made a mistake by delivering a 25 basis-point interest rate hike amid ongoing financial market turmoil and recession red flags, warns the CEO of one of the world’s largest independent financial advisory, asset management and fintech organizations.

The grave warning from deVere Group’s Nigel Green comes as Fed Chair Jerome Powell at Wednesday’s meeting of the FOMC (Federal Open Market Committee) – the branch of the US central bank responsible for implementing monetary policy – confirmed a widely anticipated quarter percentage point hike, bringing the benchmark interest rate to 5-5.25%, the highest since 2006.

He notes: “The Fed failed early on with inflation due to its grand-scale inaction.  It was a hugely consequential miscalculation by the world’s most influential central bank.

“The Fed has now failed again, making another mistake, this latest interest rate hike, which could push the world’s largest economy not only into a short-term but a longer-term recession.

“Clearly, this would not only be a huge issue for the US, but the global economy too.”

The deVere CEO cites three primary reasons why he believes the US central bank is wrong to have raised rates this time.

“First, the crisis within the US financial system is still not over. There remain serious and legitimate concerns that after a string of bank failures, there could be more to come.

“The turmoil from the banking crisis is leading to a drop in bank lending, tightening the credit conditions for households and businesses. In turn, this will inevitably lead to a slowdown in economic activity and hiring.

“Chair Powell himself has said at a news conference that the bank turmoil had the equivalent impact of at least one quarter-point rate increase.

“The Fed’s interest rate hiking agenda has tightened financial conditions which, in part, led to the banking crisis, and now the banking crisis itself is going to put the squeeze on financial conditions even more.”

Nigel Green continues: “Second, the time lag for monetary policies is very long. It is said that it takes about 18 months to two years for the full effect of rate hikes to filter fully into the economy.

“Third, the bond market is suggesting a long and/or deep recession with its inverted yield curve. Yields are inversely related to bond prices.

“This is typically the sign of a coming recession – an inverted yield curve has emerged roughly a year before nearly all recessions since 1960.”

The chief executive says the Fed’s decision to hike rates is “set to deliberately plunge” the US consumer-led economy into a recession.

“It would appear that the central bank is prepared to increase its stranglehold on households and businesses and to “sacrifice parts of the economy” in order to tame inflation.

Nigel Green concludes: “The failing Fed has made another mistake.

“We can only hope now that this is their last rate hike for a while for the good of the real economy and to restore some of their own credibility.”

About:

deVere Group is one of the world’s largest independent advisors of specialist global financial solutions to international, local mass affluent, and high-net-worth clients.  It has a network of more than 70 offices across the world, over 80,000 clients and $12bn under advisement.

The ‘Cheat Sheet’ Economy

Source: Michael Ballanger  (5/1/23) 

Michael Ballanger of GGM Advisory Inc. shares his weekly public advisory with Streetwise Reports, reviewing the current state of the stock market, the gold sector, and a few companies he believes should be on your radar. 

It should come as no surprise to anyone that the big news item this week is that handlers for the 80-year-old U.S. President Joe Biden have been passing him “cheat sheets” with detailed instructions on how to conduct a White House press conference, complete with a full set of questions to be asked by the carefully-selected “audience” of reporters designed to float out a series of soft-coated questions whose responses have not only been scrutinized in advance by staff but time has been allocated for totally-scripted, rehearsed responses to be delivered in the guise of “off-the-cuff” repartee.

As I was watching Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau denying media allegations about the forced COVID-19 vaccinations imposed upon the Canadian people causing the termination of employment for hundreds and hundreds of healthcare workers all in the name of “science,” I was reminded of the early days of the pandemic, where no politician barking orders to the Canadian electorate dared stand in front of a camera unless he/she had an array of health care “gurus” flanking them on either side, providing an “implied sanction” on the words being delivered on the efficacy of the “science” they were attempting to espouse.

Then, you have the famous FOMC press conferences where the same group of perhaps five honored members of the media led by CNBC’s Steve Leisman and the Wall Street Journal’s Nick Timiraos that consistently, without fail, deliver softball questions time after irritating time to Jay Powell then bragging about how their questions sent stocks soaring. Everywhere one turns, you run into crafted interviews and scripted press conferences, all designed to give the public the mistaken impression that our leaders — actually, our elected celebrities — are actors on a stage and little more.

Over the years, the blatant allocation of “pork” has escalated to a degree that politicians have become anesthetized to criticism such that public scrutiny is now deemed as, quite simply, the cost of doing business.

When I sit back and ruminate the pros and cons behind life in either a constitutional republic (U.S.A.) or a parliamentary democracy (Canada), I wind up running blindfolded in logistical circles in the middle of the room.

We were told from a very young age that we vote for politicians with character, resolve, love of country, and morality, but the process of achieving political power involves a very long series of chameleon-like metamorphoses by both voters and politicians.

The wide-eyed innocence of the idealistic political rookie and the first-time all-believing voter gets subverted from doing what is right into doing what is right “for me.” Politicians that are able to survive the wilderness of the political stump learn “The Art of Breaking Promises” while voters over the years grow to appreciate “The Wonders of Political Favour.”

Voters are today drawn to promises as opposed to ideals or policy positions while the baby-kissing crowd learns that the proliferation of promises is not unlike the nuclear arms race of the post-WWII period, where weaponry held by both the U.S. and the Soviet Union grew to multiple of what was required to vapourize each country.

In both the U.S. and Canada, parties in power enact policies designed to attract votes, and they know that there is no longer a need to keep such strategies in the closet, so to speak, because the term “pork barrel politics” has morphed into “container ship politics” as the price of re-election has skyrocketed thanks to a sharp-eyed (and well-trained) electorate.

Over the years, the blatant allocation of “pork” has escalated to a degree that politicians have become anesthetized to criticism such that public scrutiny is now deemed as, quite simply, the cost of doing business.

A Vicious Debt Spiral

Promising a new postal distribution center or a research facility to be paid for by public funding never runs the gauntlet of “How will we pay for it?” and instead simply falls under the purview of can-kicking, and therein lies the entire conundrum behind this vicious debt spiral.

Debt gets created because the electorate never gets hit with a sudden tax increase (which is political suicide for incumbents), and the political spenders can push repayment several decades out into the nebulae of time before it becomes a real-time concern.

So, if there are no governors to impose checks and balances on them governors, they will accede to our — the voters’ — demands and keep on spending wildly with money created by “keystroke ingenuity.” Sadly, that process has been ongoing for over four decades resulting in a global debt leviathan too large and unwieldy to ever be retired.

My children and grandchildren will need to sort out the ways and means to manage the upcoming fiscal crisis, and what they will determine is that blame must rest on the shoulders of the generation that created the crisis — the Babyboomers.

It is true that once the first nation defaults, the U.S. dollar will be caught up in a contagion, not unlike the 2020 pandemic.

The problem with that is that we Boomers were really quite visionary when we decided to create an irreversible tsunami of credit in much the same way that Stanley Kubrick’s brilliant “Dr. Strangelove (or How I Stopped Worrying and Grew to Love the Bomb)” depicted life in the Cold War ’60s where nuclear proliferation had gone berserk.

The lead character (Dr. Strangelove) created his personal doomsday machine that would annihilate all human life once the first bomb was dropped. The “first bomb dropping” in this allegory would be akin to the “first sovereign debt default,” where once set in motion, all counterparties (which is basically every nation on the planet) would be affected by the global debt contagion.

Nonetheless, it is true that once the first nation defaults, the U.S. dollar will be caught up in a contagion, not unlike the 2020 pandemic. No one is immune from a debt meltdown, and because the bulk of trade is conducted in the most heavily-leveraged currency in the world (and the one now known as the “global reserve currency”), the benefits of the Breton Woods Agreement, now a mere fragment of what it was once purported to provide, will transform itself from asset to liability in the stroke of a basis point.

A ‘Cheat Sheet’ Economy

We live in a “cheat sheet” economy where nothing is as it appears. Everything we read and hear, and watch emanates from one massive propaganda-generating “Thought Machine” that instructs us on diet, medicine, daily routine, sexuality, and morality, all delivered through the diabolical venue of technology.

All those futuristic movies from the 1960s and 1970s, like A Clockwork Orange and Soylent Green all had one recurring theme in that humanity was under strict control by a ruler or ruling class in what would certainly be a condemnation of authoritarian rule. In all aspects, authoritarian rule only works if one has a passive, compliant citizenry.

I have been adding to my holdings on recent weakness and consider Volt Lithium Corp. to be a “must-own” as the year progresses.

Whether it is food or drugs or government work programs, all measures designed to brainwash the populace into compliance and passivity are the function of an authoritarian state which is precisely why our leaders have teams of people managing their every traceable move, especially where cameras are present.

The politician’s image is now groomed and preened and preserved in all manners possible so that by election time, all distractions caused by ill-timed and unrehearsed replies to questions concerning policy have been swept away or prevented by way of cheat sheets.

All that remains are the promises seared into the memory banks of a well-targeted electorate as they enter the voting booth and pull the switch. It is an abomination and one which our founders would abhor.

Stocks

The U.S. economic data continues to both disappoint and confound, with the SPX still working a bearish MACD crossover from a few days back. These negative events have been effective harbingers since January 2022, and as I said last week, when it went bearish, it cannot override the bullish January Barometer, but it certainly can allow for a correction within the larger bullish major trend off what looks like the intermediate-term correction low of last October.

The sentiment is decidedly bearish, with the Twitterverse and the Blogosphere all rife with downbeat interviews with Ray Dalio or Stan Druckenmiller, but the most chilling is the current 3,200 target for the SPX by legendary Jeremy Grantham.

The contrast between what I get from the hard money crowd like Adam Taggart’s Wealtheon site and the CNBC party line is staggering, with the New Yorkers all strutting the bullish strut with tech stocks leading the charge, but the reality is that just a handful of stocks are leading the charge.

The last time market breadth was this weak was 1999 and 2019, and I remember 2019 and the aggravation that I went through because of the market’s inability to cave in. The Wall Street banks kept juicing the FANG stocks that held up the S&P sending the bears all scurrying for cover as squeeze after squeeze kept a chokehold on them.

Finally, it took the arrival of the pandemic to finally break the major trend, and down it all went until April when the Fed and the Treasury turned on the money spigots and flooded the world with cash.

Poor market breadth was a stalwart in the arsenal of another legendary market timer, Richard Russell, whose Proprietary Trend Index (“PTI”) focused heavily on the advance-decline figures over multiple time frames. I am currently a cautious bull but mindful of the need for keeping position sizes in check, as I will not bet against the MACD crossover of a few days ago.

I reduced position sizes as a result of the sell signal, but looking at the MACD tonight, another few days of strength like we had last week, and we could actually have a bullish MACD crossover. A bullish MACD reversal would be uncommon but not impossible, but if we do get one, there will be a wicked short squeeze setting up a potential blow-off top — or not.

One thing is without dispute: these are the toughest markets to trade that I have ever encountered, with a close resemblance to 2019.

Gold

Gold is on “standby” right now and will be until next Wednesday when the FOMC statement on interest rates is announced, followed by the Jerome Powell press conference.

Until then, I see little to talk about other than once the U.S. dollar index breaks the 100 level, I see the potential for a waterfall decline to the low 90s, which should take gold (and silver) to new all-time highs with gold getting their by summer and silver later as we approach the fall. It is my hope and prayer that such a development kicks the junior gold miners in the backside and assists in eliminating the huge discount at which they trade.

Getchell Gold Corp. (GTCH:CSE; GGLDF:OTCQB) is trading at US$9.95 per ounce of Nevada-based, in-ground gold (43101-compliant), a riddle wrapped inside a mystery inside an enigma (credit to Winston Churchill).

GTCH is not alone, as many of the gold developers have the same problem attracting retail and institutional investors for some ungodly reason, unlike lithium, which continues to be the darling of the battery metals space.

Speaking of lithium, top-ranked and top performer Allied Copper Corp. (CPR:TSX.V; CPRRF:OTCQB) completed its name change to Volt Lithium Corp. (VLT:TSV;VLTLF:US) and is now my top pick in the non-precious metals space.

They are now in pilot plant production, with the upcoming maiden resource estimate being eagerly awaited, as well as the results from the first large-scale volume of brines currently being processed. The Pro-forma, which assumes that bench test results are duplicated at the pilot plant operations, estimated over US$35 million of after-tax earnings by the end of June 2024.

So assuming no further dilution, that would put the per-share earnings number at US$0.2644.

It is my assertion that early evidence of recoverability rates for lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide would result in a sharp rerating of VLT:TSV and move it quickly onto institutional radar screens.

At a US$32.9m market cap, it is more than fairly priced, and a look at performance relative to its peers is impressive.

I have been adding to my holdings on recent weakness and consider Volt Lithium Corp. to be a “must-own” as the year progresses.

 

Michael Ballanger Disclaimer:

This letter makes no guarantee or warranty on the accuracy or completeness of the data provided. Nothing contained herein is intended or shall be deemed to be investment advice, implied or otherwise. This letter represents my views and replicates trades that I am making but nothing more than that. Always consult your registered advisor to assist you with your investments. I accept no liability for any loss arising from the use of the data contained on this letter. Options and junior mining stocks contain a high level of risk that may result in the loss of part or all invested capital and therefore are suitable for experienced and professional investors and traders only. One should be familiar with the risks involved in junior mining and options trading and we recommend consulting a financial adviser if you feel you do not understand the risks involved.

Disclosures:

1) Michael J. Ballanger: I, or members of my immediate household or family, own securities of the following companies mentioned in this article: Allied Copper Corp./Volt Lithium Corp. and Getchell Gold Corp. I personally am, or members of my immediate household or family are, paid by the following companies mentioned in this article: None.

2) The following companies mentioned in this article are billboard sponsors of Streetwise Reports: None. Click here for important disclosures about sponsor fees. As of the date of this article, an affiliate of Streetwise Reports has a consulting relationship with: None. Please click here for more information.

3) Statements and opinions expressed are the opinions of the author and not of Streetwise Reports or its officers. The author is wholly responsible for the validity of the statements. The author was not paid by Streetwise Reports for this article. Streetwise Reports was not paid by the author to publish or syndicate this article. Streetwise Reports requires contributing authors to disclose any shareholdings in, or economic relationships with, companies that they write about. Streetwise Reports relies upon the authors to accurately provide this information and Streetwise Reports has no means of verifying its accuracy.

4) This article does not constitute investment advice. Each reader is encouraged to consult with his or her individual financial professional and any action a reader takes as a result of information presented here is his or her own responsibility. By opening this page, each reader accepts and agrees to Streetwise Reports’ terms of use and full legal disclaimer. This article is not a solicitation for investment. Streetwise Reports does not render general or specific investment advice and the information on Streetwise Reports should not be considered a recommendation to buy or sell any security. Streetwise Reports does not endorse or recommend the business, products, services or securities of any company mentioned on Streetwise Reports.

5) From time to time, Streetwise Reports LLC and its directors, officers, employees or members of their families, as well as persons interviewed for articles and interviews on the site, may have a long or short position in securities mentioned. Directors, officers, employees or members of their immediate families are prohibited from making purchases and/or sales of those securities in the open market or otherwise from the time of the decision to publish an article until three business days after the publication of the article. The foregoing prohibition does not apply to articles that in substance only restate previously published company releases. As of the date of this article, officers and/or employees of Streetwise Reports LLC (including members of their household) own securities of Allied Copper Corp./Volt Lithium Corp. and Getchell Gold Corp., companies mentioned in this article.